Vue中的nextTick

在Vue中涉及DOM的异步更新，也就是nextTick;
Vue 实现响应式并不是数据发生变化之后 DOM 立即变化，而是按一定的策略进行 DOM 的更新。
nextTick会在DOM更新后调用回调函数。

this.$nextTick(function () {
    // Code that will run only after the
    // entire view has been rendered
})

相关源码解读

/* @flow */
/* globals MutationObserver */

import { noop } from 'shared/util'
import { handleError } from './error'
import { isIE, isIOS, isNative } from './env'

export let isUsingMicroTask = false

//保存回调函数的数组
const callbacks = []
//调用标志：false（还没调用）,true（已被执行）
let pending = false
//调用所有回调函数，并清空数组
function flushCallbacks () {
  pending = false
  const copies = callbacks.slice(0)
  callbacks.length = 0
  for (let i = 0; i < copies.length; i++) {
    copies[i]()
  }
}
//异步函数
let timerFunc
//首先使用Promise，不支持则使用MutationObserver（微任务）优先使用微任务
//否则setImmediate，setTimeout（宏任务）
if (typeof Promise !== 'undefined' && isNative(Promise)) {
  const p = Promise.resolve()
  timerFunc = () => {
    p.then(flushCallbacks)
  if (isIOS) setTimeout(noop)
  }
  isUsingMicroTask = true
} else if (!isIE && typeof MutationObserver !== 'undefined' && (
  isNative(MutationObserver) ||
  MutationObserver.toString() === '[object MutationObserverConstructor]'
)) {
 let counter = 1
 //只有在全部DOM操作完成之后才会调用
 const observer = new MutationObserver(flushCallbacks)
 const textNode = document.createTextNode(String(counter))
 observer.observe(textNode, {
   characterData: true
  })
  timerFunc = () => {
    //模拟DOM数据改变
    counter = (counter + 1) % 2
    textNode.data = String(counter)
  }
  isUsingMicroTask = true
} else if (typeof setImmediate !== 'undefined' && isNative(setImmediate)) {
  timerFunc = () => {
    setImmediate(flushCallbacks)
  }
} else {
  timerFunc = () => {
    setTimeout(flushCallbacks, 0)
  }
}

export function nextTick (cb?: Function, ctx?: Object) {
  let _resolve
  //回调函数压入callbacks
  callbacks.push(() => {
    if (cb) {
      try {
        cb.call(ctx)
      } catch (e) {
        handleError(e, ctx, 'nextTick')
      }
    } else if (_resolve) {
      //没有回调函数返回一个Promise实例
      _resolve(ctx)
    }
  })
  if (!pending) {
    pending = true
    timerFunc()
  }
  if (!cb && typeof Promise !== 'undefined') {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
      _resolve = resolve
    })
  }
}