安装制定软件
ubuntu16换源
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
更换如下:
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse
通过如下指令下载XXXX软件所需要的deb包,比如安装vim openssh-server
sudo apt-get -y install XXX(可以多个一起)
执行完上述指令后,XXXX软件的安装包就下载到了/var/cache/apt/archives目录下
生成依赖关系,新建一个文件夹,在项目根目录新建文件夹offlinePackage(名字任意即可)
sudo mkdir /offlinePackage
复制deb包,将下载的deb包复制到新建的文件夹下
sudo cp -r /var/cache/apt/archives /offlinePackage
修改文件夹的权限,可读可写可执行
sudo chmod 777 -R /offlinePackage/
建立deb包的依赖关系
sudo dpkg-scanpackages /offlinePackage/ /dev/null |gzip >/offlinePackage/Packages.gz
如果出现错误:sudo: dpkg-scanpackages: command not found。则需要安装dpkg-dev工具
sudo apt-get install dpkg-dev
打包成压缩包
cd /
sudo tar zcvf offlinePackage.tar.gz /offlinePackage/
保存offlinePackage.tar.gz文件到U盘
三、在另外一台Ubuntu上离线安装
拷贝文件到根目录
插入U盘或光盘,将offlinePackage.tar.gz复制到根目录下,解压
sudo tar zxvf offlinePackage.tar.gz -C /
添加到系统源、注意:我们在添加之前可以先将原来的源备份
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.back
将安装包所在和源路径添加到系统源source.list
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
内容如下:
deb file:/// offlinePackage/
注意:offlinePackage前面有一个空格
更新源
sudo apt-get update
输出:
W: The repository ‘file: offlinePackage/ Release’ does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can’t be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
大概意思是,这是不安全的更新源
离线安装
此时,在没有网络的情况下,我们就可以安装我们之间下载的XXXX软件了
比如安装vim,注意:由于上面已经提示不安全了,所以安装软件时,必须要加–allow-unauthenticated
否则报错 E: There were unauthenticated packages and -y was used without --allow-unauthenticated
sudo apt-get -y install vim --allow-unauthenticated