先来看看官方文档:
通过代码演示:
未加读写锁的时候:
package com.readWrite;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
public class ReadWriteLockDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyCache myCache = new MyCache();
for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
final int temp = i;
new Thread(()->{
myCache.put(temp+"",temp+"");
},String.valueOf(i)).start();
}
for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
final int temp = i;
new Thread(()->{
myCache.get(temp+"");
},String.valueOf(i)).start();
}
}
}
/*
自定义缓存
*/
class MyCache{
private volatile Map<String,Object> map =new HashMap<>();
//存,写
public void put(String key,Object value){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"写入中"+key);
map.put(key, value);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"写入完毕");
}
//取,读
public void get(String key){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"读取中"+key);
Object o = map.get(key);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"读取完毕"+key);
}
}
class MyCacheLock{//用synchronized,lock都能实现,但是如果希望写的时候只有一个线程.而读的时候,所有线程都能读.则就用读写锁就好了
private volatile Map<String,Object> map =new HashMap<>();
//读写锁.更加细粒度的控制
private ReadWriteLock readWriteLock =new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
//存,写 .写入的时候只希望同时只有一个线程写
public void put(String key,Object value){
readWriteLock.writeLock().lock();
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"写入中"+key);
map.put(key, value);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"写入完毕");
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
readWriteLock.writeLock().unlock();
}
}
//取,读.读的时候所有人都可以读
public void get(String key){
readWriteLock.readLock().lock();
try{
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"读取中"+key);
Object o = map.get(key);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"读取完毕"+key);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
readWriteLock.readLock().unlock();
}
}
}
在1写入的时候,还没等1写入完成就有其他线程开始插队写了,所以保证1写入后要等1写入完成,才能进来其他线程.
细粒度问题:用synchronized,lock都能实现,但是如果希望写的时候只有一个线程.而读的时候,所有线程都能读.则就用读写锁就好了
改进后的代码:
package com.readWrite;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
/**
* 独占锁(写锁),一次只能被一个线程占有
* 共享锁:(读锁) 多个线程可以同时占有
* ReadWriteLock
* 读-读 可以共存
* 读-写 不能共存
* 写-写 不能共存
*/
public class ReadWriteLockDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyCacheLock myCache = new MyCacheLock();
for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
final int temp = i;
new Thread(()->{
myCache.put(temp+"",temp+"");
},String.valueOf(i)).start();
}
for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
final int temp = i;
new Thread(()->{
myCache.get(temp+"");
},String.valueOf(i)).start();
}
}
}
/*
自定义缓存
*/
class MyCache{
private volatile Map<String,Object> map =new HashMap<>();
//存,写
public void put(String key,Object value){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"写入中"+key);
map.put(key, value);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"写入完毕");
}
//取,读
public void get(String key){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"读取中"+key);
Object o = map.get(key);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"读取完毕"+key);
}
}
class MyCacheLock{//用synchronized,lock都能实现,但是如果希望写的时候只有一个线程.而读的时候,所有线程都能读.则就用读写锁就好了
private volatile Map<String,Object> map =new HashMap<>();
//读写锁.更加细粒度的控制
private ReadWriteLock readWriteLock =new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
//存,写 .写入的时候只希望同时只有一个线程写
public void put(String key,Object value){
readWriteLock.writeLock().lock();
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"写入中"+key);
map.put(key, value);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"写入完毕");
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
readWriteLock.writeLock().unlock();
}
}
//取,读.读的时候所有人都可以读
public void get(String key){
readWriteLock.readLock().lock();
try{
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"读取中"+key);
Object o = map.get(key);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"读取完毕"+key);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
readWriteLock.readLock().unlock();
}
}
}
写的每个线程,都必须写入完毕后才能进行下一个线程.