Nodejs promise的串行和并行

const mongoose = require('mongoose');
mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/user', { useNewUrlParser: true });

const model = mongoose.model('user', mongoose.Schema({
    username: { type: String },
    password: { type: String },
    user_ssh: { type: String }
}, { collection: "user", versionKey: false, strict: true }));

const ping_1 = () => {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
        setTimeout(() => {
            resolve("1");
        }, 1000);
        //model.findOne({ username: "1" }, (error, doc) => resolve({ error: error, doc: doc }));
    });
};


const ping_2 = () => {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
        setTimeout(() => {
            resolve("2");
        }, 2000);
        //model.findOne({ username: "2" }, (error, doc) => resolve({ error: error, doc: doc }));
    });
};

const ping_3 = () => {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
        setTimeout(() => {
            resolve("3");
        }, 3000);
        //model.findOne({ username: "3" }, (error, doc) => resolve({ error: error, doc: doc }));
    });
};

const ping_4 = () => {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
        setTimeout(() => {
            resolve("4");
        }, 4000);
        //model.findOne({ username: "4" }, (error, doc) => resolve({ error: error, doc: doc }));
    });
};

const ping_5 = () => {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
        setTimeout(() => {
            resolve("5");
        }, 5000);
        //model.findOne({ username: "5" }, (error, doc) => resolve({ error: error, doc: doc }));
    });
};

const ping_6 = () => {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
        setTimeout(() => {
            resolve("6");
        }, 6000);
        // model.findOne({ username: "6" }, (error, doc) => resolve({ error: error, doc: doc }));
    });
};

ping_1()    //promise链式调用开始
    .then((data) => {
        console.log(data);
        return ping_2();
    }).then((data) => {
        console.log(data);
        return ping_3();
    }).then(data => {
        console.log(data);
        return ping_4();
    }).then(data => {
        console.log(data);
        return ping_5();
    }).then(data => {
        console.log(data);
        return ping_6();
    }).then((data) => {
        console.log(data)
    });


console.log("================================");

console.time("time");
Promise.all(  //promise.all 集中并行处理
    [
        ping_1(),
        ping_2(),
        ping_3(),
        ping_4(),
        ping_5(),
        ping_6()
    ]
).then((data) => {
    console.timeEnd("time");
    console.log(data);
});

可以发现，使用promise链式调用的时长耗费了21秒，而用promise.all则仅仅只有6秒