思考:SET为什么不能重复

java/util/Set.java:225 , set的add方法.

 /**
     * Adds the specified element to this set if it is not already present
     * (optional operation).  More formally, adds the specified element
     * <tt>e</tt> to this set if the set contains no element <tt>e2</tt>
     * such that
     * <tt>(e==null&nbsp;?&nbsp;e2==null&nbsp;:&nbsp;e.equals(e2))</tt>.
     * If this set already contains the element, the call leaves the set
     * unchanged and returns <tt>false</tt>.  In combination with the
     * restriction on constructors, this ensures that sets never contain
     * duplicate elements.
     *
     * <p>The stipulation above does not imply that sets must accept all
     * elements; sets may refuse to add any particular element, including
     * <tt>null</tt>, and throw an exception, as described in the
     * specification for {@link Collection#add Collection.add}.
     * Individual set implementations should clearly document any
     * restrictions on the elements that they may contain.
     *
     * @param e element to be added to this set
     * @return <tt>true</tt> if this set did not already contain the specified
     *         element
     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the <tt>add</tt> operation
     *         is not supported by this set
     * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element
     *         prevents it from being added to this set
     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null and this
     *         set does not permit null elements
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified element
     *         prevents it from being added to this set
     */
    boolean add(E e);

util/HashSet.java:219, set的实现类 hashSet的add方法

 public boolean add(E e) {
        return map.put(e, PRESENT)==null;
    }

出现了map↑↑↑↑

 	private transient HashMap<E,Object> map;

    // Dummy value to associate with an Object in the backing Map
    private static final Object PRESENT = new Object();

发现在加载HashSet的时候就会new 一个object，把object作为map的value。
因为map中key是不允许重复的。这样就做到了Set中的值也不能重复了。