JVM随笔-1

JVM、JRE、JDK

JVM：java虚拟机
JRE：java运行时环境
JDK：java开发环境

JRE = JVM + core lib
JDK = JRE + development kit

对象创建过程

1.loading
	将二进制文件装入内存（双亲委派）
2.linking
	1.1.verification
		校验
	1.2.preparation
		将class文件的静态变量设置默认值
	1.3.resoluton
		将符号引用转换为内存地址
3.initalizing
	调用构造方法

类加载流程

双亲委派机制
子加载器 -> 父加载器 -> 子加载器

类加载器使用双亲委派机制的原因：安全
类加载器范围
(以下来自Lancher)

bootstrapClassLoader加载路径：sun.boot.class.path
ExtensionClassLoader加载路径：java.ext.dirs
AppClassLoader加载路径：java.class.path

protected Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve) throws ClassNotFoundException {
    synchronized (getClassLoadingLock(name)) {
        // First, check if the class has already been loaded
        Class<?> c = findLoadedClass(name);
        if (c == null) {
            long t0 = System.nanoTime();
            try {
                if (parent != null) {
                    c = parent.loadClass(name, false);
                } else {
                    c = findBootstrapClassOrNull(name);
                }
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                // ClassNotFoundException thrown if class not found
                // from the non-null parent class loader
            }

            if (c == null) {
                // If still not found, then invoke findClass in order
                // to find the class.
                long t1 = System.nanoTime();
                c = findClass(name);

                // this is the defining class loader; record the stats
                sun.misc.PerfCounter.getParentDelegationTime().addTime(t1 - t0);
                sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClassTime().addElapsedTimeFrom(t1);
                sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClasses().increment();
            }
        }
        if (resolve) {
            resolveClass(c);
        }
        return c;
    }
}

类加载过程使用了模板设计模式，钩子函数是findClass()，子类实现findClass()

父类findClass()

protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
    throw new ClassNotFoundException(name);
}

findCache() -> parent.loadClass() -> findClass()
自定义类加载器

1. extends ClassLoader
2. overwrite findClass() -> defineClass(byte[] -> Class clazz)
3. 加密