浅拷贝、深拷贝也是一种设计模式-原型模型？

 

在学习《大话设计模式》原型模型的时候，总感觉就是在教浅拷贝和深拷贝的区别与实现方法。

在我的理解看来，原型模式就是利用了浅拷贝、深拷贝的知识。用python和java两种语言实现浅拷贝，深拷贝。

而且在深入了解中，对python的拷贝有了更深的了解。

浅拷贝和深拷贝-Python

用copy()方法

from copy import copy
class GirlFriend:
	name = "兰霸虎"
class Person:
	name = "张三"
	girlfriend = GirlFriend()
	def getInformation(self):
		print("name = "+self.name)
		print("girlfriend = "+ self.girlfriend.name)
		print()

person = Person()
person.getInformation()

#浅拷贝
person2 = copy(person)
person2.name = "李四"
person2.girlfriend.name = "蔡*KUN"

person.getInformation()
person2.getInformation()


'''
结果
name = 张三
girlfriend = 兰霸虎

name = 张三
girlfriend = 蔡*KUN

name = 李四
girlfriend = 蔡*KUN

'''

很可惜的是，我本以为deepcopy()能实现我想要的深拷贝，然鹅在此处deepcopy()和copy()效果是一样的

from copy import deepcopy
class GirlFriend:
	name = "兰霸虎"
class Person:
	name = "张三"
	girlfriend = GirlFriend()
	def getInformation(self):
		print("name = "+self.name)
		print("girlfriend = "+ self.girlfriend.name)
		print()

person = Person()
person.getInformation()

#深拷贝
person2 = deepcopy(person)
person2.name = "李四"
person2.girlfriend.name = "蔡*KUN"

person.getInformation()
person2.getInformation()

'''
结果
name = 张三
girlfriend = 兰霸虎

name = 张三
girlfriend = 蔡*KUN

name = 李四
girlfriend = 蔡*KUN

'''

再试试序列化和反序列化。

#!/usr/bin/python
import pickle
class GirlFriend:
	name = "兰霸虎"
class Person:
	name = "张三"
	girlfriend = GirlFriend()
	def getInformation(self):
		print("name = "+self.name)
		print("girlfriend = "+ self.girlfriend.name)
		print()
		
person = Person()
person.getInformation()

pickle.dump(person,open('a.txt','wb'))
person1 = pickle.load(open('a.txt','rb'))
person1.name = "李四"

person1.girlfriend.name = "蔡*KUN"

person.getInformation()
person1.getInformation()

'''
结果
name = 张三
girlfriend = 兰霸虎

name = 张三
girlfriend = 蔡*KUN

name = 李四
girlfriend = 蔡*KUN


'''

败，可能是我想法出了错，方法用错了，实际上也许可以实现。希望有老哥看到了能告诉小弟一下。

想改变李四的girlfriend而不影响李三的,就只能直接赋予一个新的girlfriend对象。copy()和deepcopy()的结果都一样

#!/usr/bin/python
from copy import deepcopy,copy
class GirlFriend:
	name = "兰霸虎"
class Person:
	name = "张三"
	girlfriend = GirlFriend()
	def getInformation(self):
		print("name = "+self.name)
		print("girlfriend = "+ self.girlfriend.name)
		print()
		
person = Person()
person.getInformation()

girlfriend1 = GirlFriend()
girlfriend1.name = "C"
person.girlfriend= girlfriend1

person2 = copy(person)
person2.name = "李四"

girlfriend2 = GirlFriend()
girlfriend2.name = "B"
person2.girlfriend = girlfriend2

person.getInformation()
person2.getInformation()

'''
结果
name = 张三
girlfriend = 兰霸虎

name = 张三
girlfriend = C

name = 李四
girlfriend = B
'''

 浅拷贝与深拷贝-Java

浅拷贝

public class Example{
	public static void main (String[] args){
		Person person = new Person("张三");
		Person person1 = person.clone();
                person1.name = "李四";
		
		person.print();
		person1.print();
		
		person1.girlfriend.name = "蔡*KUN";
		
		person.print();
		person1.print();
	}
}

class GirlFriend{
    public String name = "兰霸虎" ;
}

class Person implements Cloneable{
    public String name;
    public GirlFriend girlfriend = new GirlFriend();
    Person(String str){
        name = str;
    }
    public void print(){
        System.out.println("name = " + name);
        System.out.println("girlfriend = " + girlfriend.name);
        System.out.println();
    }
    public Person clone(){
        Person person_clone = null;
        try{
            person_clone =  (Person)super.clone();   //若不向下转换,return的是一个Object类
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }   
        return person_clone;
    }
}

/*
结果
name = 张三
girlfriend = 兰霸虎

name = 李四
girlfriend = 兰霸虎

name = 张三
girlfriend = 蔡*KUN

name = 李四
girlfriend = 蔡*KUN

*/

深拷贝

public class Example{
	public static void main (String[] args){
		Person person = new Person("张三");
		Person person1 = person.clone();
                person1.name = "李四";
		
		person.print();
		person1.print();
		
		person1.girlfriend.name = "蔡*KUN";
		
		person.print();
		person1.print();
	}
}

class GirlFriend implements Cloneable{
    public String name = "兰霸虎" ;
    public GirlFriend clone(){
        GirlFriend girlfriend_clone = null;
        try{
            girlfriend_clone = (GirlFriend)super.clone();
        }catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return girlfriend_clone;
    }
}

class Person implements Cloneable{
    public String name;
    public GirlFriend girlfriend = new GirlFriend();
    Person(String str){
        name = str;
    }
    public void print(){
        System.out.println("name = " + name);
        System.out.println("girlfriend = " + girlfriend.name);
        System.out.println();
    }
    public Person clone(){
        Person person_clone = null;
        try{
            person_clone =  (Person)super.clone();   //若不向下转换,return的是一个Object类
            person_clone.girlfriend = (GirlFriend)girlfriend.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }   
        return person_clone;
    }
}
/*
结果
name = 张三
girlfriend = 兰霸虎

name = 李四
girlfriend = 兰霸虎

name = 张三
girlfriend = 兰霸虎

name = 李四
girlfriend = 蔡*KUN

*/

再试试序列化和反序列化

import java.io.*;
public class Example{
    public static void main (String[] args){
        Person person = new Person("张三");
        Person person1 = null;
        try{
            ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(os);
            oos.writeObject(person);
            byte[] bytes = os.toByteArray();
            oos.close();

            ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
            ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(is);
            person1 = (Person) ois.readObject() ;
            ois.close();
        }catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        person1.name = "李四";        

        person.print();
        person1.print();

        person1.girlfriend.name = "蔡*KUN";

        person.print();
        person1.print();
    }
}

class GirlFriend implements  Serializable{
    public static final long serialVersionUID = -654654612312356489L;
    public String name = "兰霸虎" ;
}

class Person implements Serializable{
    public static final long serialVersionUID = -65465465465456489L;
    public String name;
    public GirlFriend girlfriend = new GirlFriend();
    Person(String str){
        name = str;
    }
    public void print(){
        System.out.println("name = " + name);
        System.out.println("girlfriend = " + girlfriend.name);
        System.out.println();
    }
}
/*
结果
name = 张三
girlfriend = 兰霸虎

name = 李四
girlfriend = 兰霸虎

name = 张三
girlfriend = 兰霸虎

name = 李四
girlfriend = 蔡*KUN

*/

就当给自己复习了一遍拷贝有关的知识