注解配置

注解配置使用

之前我们配置servlet的映射路径的时候是在web.xml文件中实现的，此时如果一个项目有几百个servlet，此时web.xml的配置就会很庞大，非常不方便维护。那么注解配置就出现了，解决了这个问题

注解配置就是在每个servlet之上进行路径的配置

注解配置映射路径

@WebServlet(urlPatterns= {"/emp/*","/dept/*"})
public class EmpServlet extends HttpServlet{
	@Override
	protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("使用注解配置的servlet");
		}
	}

注解配置过滤器（处理字符编码）

package com.xie.filter;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebFilter(urlPatterns= {"/*"})
public class MyFilter implements Filter{
	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
		System.out.println("过滤器初始化");
	}
	
	/**
	 * 拦截处理请求的方法
	 */
	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
			throws IOException, ServletException {
		//向下转型
		HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest)request;
		HttpServletResponse resp = (HttpServletResponse)response;
		resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
		//放行请求
		chain.doFilter(req, resp);
	}

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		System.out.println("销毁过滤器");
	}

}

注解配置过滤器（登录验证）

@WebFilter(urlPatterns=
 {"/emp/delete","/emp/update","/emp/list"})
public class LoginFilter implements Filter{

}

但是如果有几百个资源（比如说jsp）需要登录验证，那么上面的方式编写还是很困难，此时可以将要进行登录验证的资源统一保存到一个文件夹下，然后过滤器只要对该文件夹进行验证即可

统一保存要验证的资源

@WebFilter(urlPatterns= 
{"/emp/delete","/emp/update","/emp/list","/pages/*"})

注解配置监听器

@WebListener
public class ApplicationAttributeListener implements ServletContextAttributeListener{

	@Override
	public void attributeAdded(ServletContextAttributeEvent event) {
		System.out.println("增加新的属性触发："+event.getName()+"="+event.getValue());
	}

	@Override
	public void attributeRemoved(ServletContextAttributeEvent event) {
		System.out.println("删除属性触发："+event.getName()+"="+event.getValue());
	}

	@Override
	public void attributeReplaced(ServletContextAttributeEvent event) {
		System.out.println("替换属性触发："+event.getName()+"="+event.getValue());
	}

}

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
@WebServlet(urlPatterns= {"/emp/*","/dept/*"})
public class EmpServlet extends HttpServlet{
	@Override
	protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		req.getServletContext().setAttribute("name", "尼古拉斯");
		req.getServletContext().setAttribute("name", "斯巴达");
		req.getServletContext().removeAttribute("name");
	}
}

总结

• 使用注解配置了普通的servlet的映射路径（@WebServlet）
• 使用注解配置了过滤器（@WebFilter）
• 使用注解配置了监听器（@WebListener）