mysql窗口函数

窗空函数的作用：解决sql排序的复杂

统计每门课程分数的排名
根据每门课程的分数从高到低进行排名，此时，会出现分数相同时怎么处理的问题，下面就根据不同的窗口函数来处理不同场景的需求

ROW_NUMBER
分数相同时按照学号顺序进行排名

mysql> select stu_no,course,score, row_number()over(partition by course order by score desc ) rn
 -> from tb_score;
+---------+---------+-------+----+
| stu_no | course | score | rn |
+---------+---------+-------+----+
| 2020005 | C++ | 96.0 | 1 |
| 2020013 | C++ | 96.0 | 2 |
| 2020006 | C++ | 90.0 | 3 |
| 2020001 | C++ | 85.0 | 4 |
| 2020012 | C++ | 85.0 | 5 |
| 2020003 | C++ | 81.0 | 6 |
| 2020010 | C++ | 76.0 | 7 |
| 2020002 | C++ | 70.0 | 8 |
| 2020008 | C++ | 69.0 | 9 |
| 2020007 | C++ | 66.0 | 10 |
| 2020009 | C++ | 66.0 | 11 |
| 2020004 | C++ | 60.0 | 12 |
| 2020003 | English | 100.0 | 1 |
| 2020004 | English | 100.0 | 2 |
| 2020002 | English | 99.0 | 3 |
| 2020013 | English | 88.0 | 4 |
| 2020008 | English | 86.0 | 5 |
| 2020009 | English | 86.0 | 6 |
| 2020011 | English | 84.0 | 7 |
| 2020010 | English | 81.0 | 8 |
| 2020003 | English | 80.0 | 9 |
| 2020007 | English | 76.0 | 10 |
| 2020012 | English | 75.0 | 11 |
| 2020005 | English | 70.0 | 12 |
| 2020006 | English | 70.0 | 13 |
| 2020005 | mysql | 98.0 | 1 |
| 2020001 | mysql | 90.0 | 2 |
| 2020008 | mysql | 90.0 | 3 |
| 2020011 | mysql | 90.0 | 4 |
| 2020004 | mysql | 80.0 | 5 |
| 2020003 | mysql | 78.0 | 6 |
| 2020010 | mysql | 75.0 | 7 |
| 2020009 | mysql | 70.0 | 8 |
| 2020006 | mysql | 60.0 | 9 |
| 2020002 | mysql | 50.0 | 10 |
| 2020007 | mysql | 50.0 | 11 |
+---------+---------+-------+----+

DENSE_RANK
为了让分数相同时排名也相同，则可以使用DENSE_RANK函数，结果如下：

mysql> select stu_no,course,score, DENSE_RANK()over(partition by course order by score desc ) rn 
 -> from tb_score ; 
+---------+---------+-------+----+
| stu_no | course | score | rn |
+---------+---------+-------+----+
| 2020005 | C++ | 96.0 | 1 |
| 2020013 | C++ | 96.0 | 1 |
| 2020006 | C++ | 90.0 | 2 |
| 2020001 | C++ | 85.0 | 3 |
| 2020012 | C++ | 85.0 | 3 |
| 2020003 | C++ | 81.0 | 4 |
| 2020010 | C++ | 76.0 | 5 |
| 2020002 | C++ | 70.0 | 6 |
| 2020008 | C++ | 69.0 | 7 |
| 2020007 | C++ | 66.0 | 8 |
| 2020009 | C++ | 66.0 | 8 |
| 2020004 | C++ | 60.0 | 9 |
| 2020003 | English | 100.0 | 1 |
| 2020004 | English | 100.0 | 1 |
| 2020002 | English | 99.0 | 2 |
| 2020013 | English | 88.0 | 3 |
| 2020008 | English | 86.0 | 4 |
| 2020009 | English | 86.0 | 4 |
| 2020011 | English | 84.0 | 5 |
| 2020010 | English | 81.0 | 6 |
| 2020003 | English | 80.0 | 7 |
| 2020007 | English | 76.0 | 8 |
| 2020012 | English | 75.0 | 9 |
| 2020005 | English | 70.0 | 10 |
| 2020006 | English | 70.0 | 10 |
| 2020005 | mysql | 98.0 | 1 |
| 2020001 | mysql | 90.0 | 2 |
| 2020008 | mysql | 90.0 | 2 |
| 2020011 | mysql | 90.0 | 2 |
| 2020004 | mysql | 80.0 | 3 |
| 2020003 | mysql | 78.0 | 4 |
| 2020010 | mysql | 75.0 | 5 |
| 2020009 | mysql | 70.0 | 6 |
| 2020006 | mysql | 60.0 | 7 |
| 2020002 | mysql | 50.0 | 8 |
| 2020007 | mysql | 50.0 | 8 |
+---------+---------+-------+----+
36 rows in set (0.00 sec)

RANK
DENSE_RANK的结果是分数相同时排名相同了，但是下一个名次是紧接着上一个名次的，如果2个并列的第1之后，下一个我想是第3名，则可以使用RANK函数实现

mysql> select stu_no,course,score, rank()over(partition by course order by score desc ) rn 
 -> from tb_score;
+---------+---------+-------+----+
| stu_no | course | score | rn |
+---------+---------+-------+----+
| 2020005 | C++ | 96.0 | 1 |
| 2020013 | C++ | 96.0 | 1 |
| 2020006 | C++ | 90.0 | 3 |
| 2020001 | C++ | 85.0 | 4 |
| 2020012 | C++ | 85.0 | 4 |
| 2020003 | C++ | 81.0 | 6 |
| 2020010 | C++ | 76.0 | 7 |
| 2020002 | C++ | 70.0 | 8 |
| 2020008 | C++ | 69.0 | 9 |
| 2020007 | C++ | 66.0 | 10 |
| 2020009 | C++ | 66.0 | 10 |
| 2020004 | C++ | 60.0 | 12 |
| 2020003 | English | 100.0 | 1 |
| 2020004 | English | 100.0 | 1 |
| 2020002 | English | 99.0 | 3 |
| 2020013 | English | 88.0 | 4 |
| 2020008 | English | 86.0 | 5 |
| 2020009 | English | 86.0 | 5 |
| 2020011 | English | 84.0 | 7 |
| 2020010 | English | 81.0 | 8 |
| 2020003 | English | 80.0 | 9 |
| 2020007 | English | 76.0 | 10 |
| 2020012 | English | 75.0 | 11 |
| 2020005 | English | 70.0 | 12 |
| 2020006 | English | 70.0 | 12 |
| 2020005 | mysql | 98.0 | 1 |
| 2020001 | mysql | 90.0 | 2 |
| 2020008 | mysql | 90.0 | 2 |
| 2020011 | mysql | 90.0 | 2 |
| 2020004 | mysql | 80.0 | 5 |
| 2020003 | mysql | 78.0 | 6 |
| 2020010 | mysql | 75.0 | 7 |
| 2020009 | mysql | 70.0 | 8 |
| 2020006 | mysql | 60.0 | 9 |
| 2020002 | mysql | 50.0 | 10 |
| 2020007 | mysql | 50.0 | 10 |
+---------+---------+-------+----+
36 rows in set (0.01 sec)