JS继承

原型函数

	function Human (age) {
	  this.type = "big"
	  this.family = ["爸爸","妈妈"]
	  this.age = age
	  this.str = function() {return this.age+ "-" + this.type}
	}
	
	Human.prototype.proStr = function () {
	  return this.type + "+" + this.age
	}

一、原型链继承

	function Man () {}
	Man.prototype = new Human(24)
	var tom = new Man()
	tom.family.push("姐姐")
	console.log(tom.family)  //["爸爸", "妈妈", "姐姐"]
	var bob = new Man()
	console.log(bob.family)  //["爸爸", "妈妈", "姐姐"]
	console.log(bob.str())  //24 - big
	console.log(tom.str == bob.str) //true  共用原型中的str 方法
	console.log(tom.proStr())  //big+24

缺点

* 实例无法传参
* 原型中的引用数据类型被共用

二、构造函数继承

	function Woman(age) {
	  Human.call(this,age)
	}
	var lily = new Woman(20)
	lily.family.push("哥哥")
	console.log(lily.family,lily.age)  //["爸爸", "妈妈", "哥哥"]
	var mary = new Woman(23)
	console.log(mary.family,mary.age)  //["爸爸", "妈妈"]
	console.log(mary.str()) //23 - big
	console.log(lily.str == mary.str) //false  各自拥有一个str方法，赋值得到
	console.log(mary.proStr())  //TypeError: mary.proStr is not a function

缺点

* 无法共用原型中的公有方法和属性
* 无法获取原型中prototype里的属性和方法

三、组合继承

	function Child(age) {
	  Human.call(this,age)
	}
	Child.prototype = new Human()
	var piter = new Child(4)
	piter.family.push("哥哥")
	console.log(piter.family,piter.age)  //["爸爸", "妈妈", "哥哥"]
	var susy = new Child(6)
	console.log(susy.family,susy.age)  //["爸爸", "妈妈"]
	console.log(susy.str()) //6-big
	console.log(susy.str == piter.str) //false  各自拥有一个str方法，赋值得到
	console.log(susy.proStr())  //big+6  可以使用原型的prototype里的属性和方法
	console.log(susy.proStr == piter.proStr)  //true

缺点

* 多次使用原型函数

四、原型式继承（原型链继承的另一种方式）

	function getObj(o) {
	  function Test () {}
	  Test.prototype = o
	  return new Test()
	}
	var person = {
	  name: "xiaoming",
	  family: ["爸爸","妈妈"]
	}
	var obj1 = getObj(person)
	obj1.family.push("大舅")
	var obj2 = getObj(person)
	console.log(obj2.family) //["爸爸","妈妈","大舅"]

缺点

* 同原型链继承

五、寄生继承（原型式+工厂模式）

	function getData(o) {
	  function Fun () {}
	  Fun.prototype = o
	  return new Fun()
	}
	function createData (o) {
	  var obj = getData(o)
	  obj.arr = [1,2,3,4]
	  return obj
	}
	var child = {
	  name: "xiaoming",
	  family: ["爸爸","妈妈"]
	}
	var data1 = createData(child)
	data1.family.push("大叔")
	var data2 = createData(child)
	console.log(data2.family)  //["爸爸","妈妈", "大叔"]
	console.log(data1.arr == data2.arr)   //false

缺点

* 引用数据类型共用

六、寄生组合继承

	function getperData (o) {
	  function Fun () {}
	  Fun.prototype = o
	  return new Fun() //返回实例
	}
	function createYouth(Human,Youth) { //寄生函数
	  var obj = getperData(Human.prototype)
	  obj.constructor = Youth  //改变构造函数指向
	  Youth.prototype = obj
	}
	
	function Youth(age) {
	  Human.call(this,age) //将原型中的引用数据私有化
	}
	
	createYouth(Human,Youth)
	
	var yada = new Youth(26)
	yada.family.push("大姑")
	console.log(yada.str())
	console.log(yada.proStr())
	
	var hawa = new Youth(25)
	console.log(hawa.family)  //["爸爸", "妈妈"]
	console.log(hawa.str == yada.str)  //false
	console.log(yada.proStr == hawa.proStr)  //true
	console.log(yada.constructor) //原始构造函数指向Human Youth.prototype = Human.prototype    修改后指向Youth