Linux的防火墙设置及Tomcat安装与配置

于 2022-03-13 00:00:00 发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42654356/article/details/123437543
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本文详细介绍了如何在Linux服务器上进行防火墙设置，包括查看防火墙状态、开启/关闭防火墙、开放端口等步骤。同时，文章还提供了一步一步的Tomcat安装教程，包括下载、解压、移动文件以及启动Tomcat的详细操作。
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1.如果是云服务器(列如：阿里云，需要保证阿里云的策略安全组的开放！)

1.1查看防火墙服务状态

[root@suzhongde suzhongde]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2022-03-12 01:14:00 CST; 2h 6min ago
     Docs: man:firewalld(1)
 Main PID: 881 (firewalld)
    Tasks: 2
   Memory: 2.5M
   CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
           └─881 /usr/bin/python2 -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid

Mar 12 02:43:04 suzhongde.com firewalld[881]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -D FORWARD -i docker0 -o docker0 -j DROP' failed: iptables: B...t chain?).
Mar 12 02:46:11 suzhongde.com firewalld[881]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t nat -D OUTPUT -m addrtype --dst-type LOCAL -j DOCKER' fail...that name.
Mar 12 02:46:11 suzhongde.com firewalld[881]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t nat -D PREROUTING' failed: iptables: Bad rule (does a matc...t chain?).
Mar 12 02:46:11 suzhongde.com firewalld[881]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t nat -D OUTPUT' failed: iptables: Bad rule (does a matching...t chain?).
Mar 12 02:46:11 suzhongde.com firewalld[881]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t filter -X DOCKER' failed: iptables: Too many links.
Mar 12 02:46:11 suzhongde.com firewalld[881]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t filter -X DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-1' failed: iptables: Too many links.
Mar 12 02:46:11 suzhongde.com firewalld[881]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t filter -F DOCKER-ISOLATION' failed: iptables: No chain/tar...that name.
Mar 12 02:46:11 suzhongde.com firewalld[881]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -t filter -X DOCKER-ISOLATION' failed: iptables: No chain/tar...that name.
Mar 12 02:46:11 suzhongde.com firewalld[881]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -D FORWARD -i docker0 -o docker0 -j DROP' failed: iptables: B...t chain?).
Mar 12 02:46:11 suzhongde.com firewalld[881]: WARNING: COMMAND_FAILED: '/usr/sbin/iptables -w10 -D FORWARD -i docker0 -o docker0 -j DROP' failed: iptables: B...t chain?).
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

1.2开启防火墙

[root@suzhongde suzhongde]# service firewalld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start firewalld.service

1.3重启防火墙

[root@suzhongde suzhongde]# service firewalld restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart firewalld.service

1.4关闭防火墙

[root@suzhongde suzhongde]# service firewalld stop
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop firewalld.service

1.5查看防火墙规则的全部信息

[root@suzhongde suzhongde]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: ens33
  sources: 
  services: dhcpv6-client ssh
  ports: 
  protocols: 
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: 
  source-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules:

1.6查看防火墙开放的端口

[root@suzhongde suzhongde]# firewall-cmd --list-ports
2531/tcp 2558/tcp

1.7开放防火墙端口

# 命令含义：
#--zone #作用域 
#--add-port=80/tcp #添加端口和协议 格式为：端口/协议
#--permanent #永久生效，没有这个参数的话重启后就会失效
[root@suzhongde suzhongde]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=4215/tcp --permanent
success

1.8重启防火墙和重新加载防火墙配置文件

[root@suzhongde suzhongde]# systemctl restart firewalld.service

2.安装Tomcat

2.1 tomcat下载地址：https://dlcdn.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.59/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.59.tar.gzicon-default.png?t=M276https://dlcdn.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.59/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.59.tar.gz

2.2 将文件移到usr目录i下

[root@suzhongde suzhongde]# mv apache-tomcat-9.0.22.tar.gz /usr

2.3将tomact安装包解压

[root@suzhongde usr]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.22.tar.gz 
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/conf/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/conf/catalina.policy
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/conf/catalina.properties
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/conf/context.xml
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/conf/jaspic-providers.xml
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/conf/jaspic-providers.xsd
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/conf/logging.properties
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/conf/server.xml
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/conf/tomcat-users.xml
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/conf/tomcat-users.xsd
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/conf/web.xml
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/bin/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/lib/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/logs/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/temp/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/ROOT/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/WEB-INF/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/api/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/appdev/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/docs/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/src/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/src/mypackage/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/WEB-INF/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/appdev/sample/web/images/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/architecture/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/architecture/requestProcess/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/architecture/startup/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/config/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/elapi/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/funcspecs/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/images/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/images/fonts/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/jspapi/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/servletapi/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/tribes/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/docs/websocketapi/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/async/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/cal/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/checkbox/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/colors/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/compressionFilters/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/dates/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/error/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/examples/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/filters/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/http2/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/el/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/jsp2/examples/simpletag/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/listeners/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/nonblocking/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/num/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/sessions/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/trailers/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/util/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/validators/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/chat/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/drawboard/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/drawboard/wsmessages/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/echo/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/classes/websocket/snake/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp2/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/jsp/applet/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/lib/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/WEB-INF/tags/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/async/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/cal/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/checkbox/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/colors/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/dates/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/error/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/forward/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/images/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/include/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/el/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspattribute/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/jspx/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/misc/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/simpletag/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/jsp2/tagfiles/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/jsptoserv/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/num/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/plugin/applet/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/security/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/sessions/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/simpletag/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/snp/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/tagplugin/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/jsp/xml/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/servlets/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/servlets/images/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/servlets/nonblocking/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/examples/websocket/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/host-manager/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/host-manager/META-INF/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/host-manager/WEB-INF/jsp/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/host-manager/images/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/manager/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/manager/META-INF/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/jsp/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/webapps/manager/images/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/work/
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/BUILDING.txt
apache-tomcat-9.0.22/CONTRI
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