《Python编程：从入门到实践》项目一“外星人入侵”实现保存最高分至本地文件

各模块代码

1.alien_invasion.py

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Group
from settings import Settings
from game_stats import GameStats
from scoreboard import Scoreboard
from button import Button
from ship import Ship
import game_functions as gf


def run_game():
    # 初始化游戏并创建一个屏幕对象
    pygame.init()
    ai_settings = Settings()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
        (ai_settings.screen_width, ai_settings.screen_height))
    pygame.display.set_caption("Alien_Invasion")

    # 创建Play按钮
    play_button = Button(ai_settings, screen, "Play")

    # 创建一个用于储存游戏统计信息的实例
    stats = GameStats(ai_settings)

    # 创建记分牌
    sb = Scoreboard(ai_settings, screen, stats)

    # 创建一艘飞船
    ship = Ship(ai_settings, screen)

    # 创建一个用于存储子弹的编组
    bullets = Group()

    # 创建一个外星人编组
    aliens = Group()

    # 创建外星人群
    gf.create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)

    # 开始游戏主循环
    while True:
        # 监视键盘和鼠标事件
        gf.check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship,
                        aliens, bullets)
        if stats.game_active:
            ship.update()
            gf.update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens,
                              bullets)
            gf.update_aliens(ai_settings, stats, sb, screen, ship, aliens, bullets)

        gf.update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens,
                         bullets, play_button)


run_game()

2.game_stats.py

class GameStats():
    """跟踪游戏的统计信息"""

    def __init__(self, ai_settings):
        """初始化统计信息"""
        self.ai_settings = ai_settings
        self.reset_stats()

        # 游戏刚启动时处于活动状态
        self.game_active = False

    def reset_stats(self):
        """初始化在游戏运行期间可能变化的统计信息"""
        self.ships_left = self.ai_settings.ship_limit
        self.score = 0
        self.level = 1
        self.load_high_score()

    def save_high_score(self):
        """保存最高得分"""
        with open('score.txt', 'w') as file_object:
            file_object.write(str(self.high_score))
            file_object.close()

    def load_high_score(self):
        """加载最高得分"""
        try:
            with open('score.txt') as file_object:
                h_s = file_object.read()
                try:
                    self.high_score = int(h_s)
                except ValueError:
                    self.high_score = 0
                file_object.close()
        except FileNotFoundError:
            with open('score.txt', 'w') as file_object:
                file_object.close()

3.game_functions.py

import sys
import pygame
from bullet import Bullet
from alien import Alien
from time import sleep


def check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, stats, ship, bullets):
    # 检测按键按下
    if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
        ship.moving_right = True
    elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
        ship.moving_left = True
    elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
        fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets)
    elif event.key == pygame.K_q:
        stats.save_high_score()
        sys.exit()


def fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets):
    """如果还没到达限制，就发射一颗子弹"""
    # 创建新子弹，并将其加入到编组bullets中
    if len(bullets) < ai_settings.bullets_allowed:
        new_bullet = Bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship)
        bullets.add(new_bullet)


def check_keyup_events(event, ship):
    # 检测按键松开
    if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
        ship.moving_right = False
    elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
        ship.moving_left = False


def check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens,
                 bullets):
    """响应按键和鼠标事件"""
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            stats