MySQL高级之多表查询

MySQL高级之多表查询

环境搭建

创建部门表

CREATE TABLE tb_dept (
  id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
  NAME VARCHAR(20)
);

INSERT INTO tb_dept (NAME) VALUES ('开发部'),('市场部'),('财务部'),('销售部');

创建员工表

CREATE TABLE tb_emp (
  id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
  NAME VARCHAR(10),
  gender CHAR(1),   -- 性别
  salary DOUBLE,   -- 工资
  join_date DATE,  -- 入职日期
  dept_id INT
);

INSERT INTO tb_emp(NAME,gender,salary,join_date,dept_id) VALUES('孙悟空','男',7200,'2013-02-24',1);
INSERT INTO tb_emp(NAME,gender,salary,join_date,dept_id) VALUES('猪八戒','男',3600,'2010-12-02',2);
INSERT INTO tb_emp(NAME,gender,salary,join_date,dept_id) VALUES('唐僧','男',9000,'2008-08-08',2);
INSERT INTO tb_emp(NAME,gender,salary,join_date,dept_id) VALUES('白骨精','女',5000,'2015-10-07',3);
INSERT INTO tb_emp(NAME,gender,salary,join_date,dept_id) VALUES('蜘蛛精','女',4500,'2011-03-14',1);
INSERT INTO tb_emp VALUES (NULL, '白龙马', '男', 1, '2020-02-02', NULL);

1、隐式内连接

– 一次查询多张表
– 左表的每条数据和右表的每条数据组合，这种效果称为笛卡尔乘积。

SELECT * FROM tb_emp, tb_dept;

– 去掉笛卡尔积
– 去掉笛卡尔积的条件称为: 表连接条件

SELECT * FROM tb_emp, tb_dept WHERE tb_emp.`dept_id`=tb_dept.`id`;

– 扩展:给表取别名,表取了别名后,只能使用别名啦!
– 在加上查询员工名字为孙悟空

SELECT * FROM tb_emp AS e INNER JOIN tb_dept AS d ON e.`dept_id`=d.`id` WHERE e.name='孙悟空';

2、显式内连接

– 显式内连接 INNER JOIN…ON

SELECT * FROM tb_emp INNER JOIN tb_dept ON tb_emp.`dept_id`=tb_dept.`id`;

3、左外连接查询

– 左外连接查询 (满足要求的显示,保证左表不满足要求的也显示)

SELECT * FROM tb_emp LEFT OUTER JOIN tb_dept ON tb_emp.`