synchronized :代码简洁,隐式支持可重新获得锁
synchronized就不实现了,大家可以自行尝试
Lock:获取锁可以被中断,超时获取锁,尝试获取锁
Lock锁的运用更加灵活
这里我们用可重入锁的实例来实现:Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();(注意,这里我们可以观察ReentrantLock里面)
这一段话意味着,我们在构造锁实例的时候,可以给他设置是否为公平锁还是非公平锁,默认是非公平锁,设置ture为公平锁
公平锁和非公平锁(面试可能会问)
如果在时间上,先对锁进行获取的请求,一定先被满足,这个锁就是公平的,不满足,就是非公平的,公平锁
从理论来说,可以认为非公平锁速度更快,可以从CPU的时间片轮转机制来理解
/**
*类说明:测试Lock和Condition实现等待通知
*/
public class TestCond {
private static ExpressCond express = new ExpressCond(0,ExpressCond.CITY);
/*检查里程数变化的线程,不满足条件,线程一直等待*/
private static class CheckKm extends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
express.waitKm();
}
}
/*检查地点变化的线程,不满足条件,线程一直等待*/
private static class CheckSite extends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
express.waitSite();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
new CheckSite().start();
}
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
new CheckKm().start();
}
Thread.sleep(1000);
express.changeKm();//快递里程变化
}
}
/**
*类说明:实现Lock的可重入锁,展示Condition的await()、signal()灵活性与Object的notify()唤醒可能被其他线程拦截差异
*/
public class ExpressCond {
public final static String CITY = "ShangHai";
private int km;/*快递运输里程数*/
private String site;/*快递到达地点*/
private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
private Condition keCond = lock.newCondition();
private Condition siteCond = lock.newCondition();
public ExpressCond() {
}
public ExpressCond(int km, String site) {
this.km = km;
this.site = site;
}
/* 变化公里数,然后通知处于wait状态并需要处理公里数的线程进行业务处理*/
public void changeKm(){
lock.lock();
try {
this.km = 101;
keCond.signalAll();
}finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
/* 变化地点,然后通知处于wait状态并需要处理地点的线程进行业务处理*/
public void changeSite(){
lock.lock();
try {
this.site = "BeiJing";
siteCond.signal();
}finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
/*当快递的里程数大于100时更新数据库*/
public void waitKm(){
lock.lock();
try {
while(this.km<=100) {
try {
keCond.await();
System.out.println("check km thread["+Thread.currentThread().getId()
+"] is be notifed.");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}finally {
lock.unlock();
}
System.out.println("the Km is "+this.km+",I will change db");
}
/*当快递到达目的地时通知用户*/
public void waitSite(){
lock.lock();
try {
while(CITY.equals(this.site)) {
try {
siteCond.await();
System.out.println("check site thread["+Thread.currentThread().getId()
+"] is be notifed.");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}finally {
lock.unlock();
}
System.out.println("the site is "+this.site+",I will call user");
}
}