2.23一元多项式的相加

单链表的结点定义：

typedef struct node{
	int coef,exp;
 	struct node *next;
}Lnode,*LinkList;

相加函数的算法：

void Addploy(LinkList &la,LinkList &lb)
{
	LinkList pa,pb,re,u;
	int x;
	pa=la->next;
	pb=lb->next;
	re=pa;
	while(pa&&pb)
	{
		if(pa->exp<pb->exp)
			{re=pa;pa=pa->next;}
		else if(pa->exp==pb->exp)
			{
				x=pa->coef+pb->coef;
				if(x!=0)
					{pa->coef=x;re=pa;}
				else if(x==0)
					{re->next=pa->next;free(pa);}
				pa=re->next;u=pb;pb=pb->next;free(u);
			}
		else
			{u=pb->next;pb->next=pa;re->next=pb;re=pb;pb=u;}
	}
	if(pa==NULL)
		{re->next=pb;}
	free(lb);
}

完整的程序：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
#define OVERFLOW -2
using namespace std;
typedef struct node{
	int coef,exp;
 	struct node *next;
}Lnode,*LinkList;
LinkList la,lb;
void CreateNode(LinkList &l,int n)
{
	int i;
	LinkList p,s;
	l=(LinkList)malloc(sizeof(Lnode));
	if(!l) exit(OVERFLOW);
	l->next=NULL;
	p=l;
	for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
	{
		s=(LinkList)malloc(sizeof(Lnode));
		if(!s) exit(OVERFLOW);
		p->next=s;
		s->next=NULL;
		cout<<"请输入该项的系数："<<endl;
		cin>>s->coef;
		cout<<"请输入该项的指数："<<endl;
		cin>>s->exp;
		p=p->next;
	}
}
void Addploy(LinkList &la,LinkList &lb)
{
	LinkList pa,pb,re,u;
	int x;
	pa=la->next;
	pb=lb->next;
	re=pa;
	while(pa&&pb)
	{
		if(pa->exp<pb->exp)
			{re=pa;pa=pa->next;}
		else if(pa->exp==pb->exp)
			{
				x=pa->coef+pb->coef;
				if(x!=0)
					{pa->coef=x;re=pa;}
				else if(x==0)
					{re->next=pa->next;free(pa);}
				pa=re->next;u=pb;pb=pb->next;free(u);
			}
		else
			{u=pb->next;pb->next=pa;re->next=pb;re=pb;pb=u;}
	}
	if(pa==NULL)
		{re->next=pb;}
	free(lb);
}
int main()
{
	int na,nb;
	cout<<"******创建多项式A******"<<endl;
	cout<<"请输入多项式的项数："<<endl;
	cin>>na;
	CreateNode(la,na);
	cout<<"******创建多项式B******"<<endl;
	cout<<"请输入多项式的项数："<<endl;
	cin>>nb;
	CreateNode(lb,nb);
	cout<<"******实现多项式A和B的相加******"<<endl;
	Addploy(la,lb);
	cout<<"相加以后的多项式变为："<<endl;
	LinkList t;
	for(t=la->next;t;t=t->next)
	{
		cout<<t->coef<<" ";
		cout<<t->exp<<" ";
		cout<<endl;
	}
}

运行结果：
EG：(9x8 为 9乘以x的8次幂)
A(x)=7+3x+9x8+5x17
B(x)=8x+22x7-9x8
C(x)=7+11x+22x7+5x17