读取和写入数据库 pymysql模块

可直接复用的代码

方案一

py脚本

import pymysql
import traceback
import time

class MYSQL_INTERFACE:
    def __init__(self, ip, port, user, passwd, db_name):
        self.db = pymysql.connect(
            host=ip, 
            port=port,
            user=user, 
            passwd=passwd, 
            db=db_name, 
            charset='utf8',
            cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)

    # 读取数据
    def read_db(self, cmd):
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor() # 获取操作游标
        try: 
            self.cursor.execute(cmd)
            db_data = self.cursor.fetchall()
            return db_data
        except:
            self.cursor.close() # 关闭游标
            traceback.print_exc()
    
    # 写入一条数据
    def write_db(self, cmd):
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor() # 获取操作游标
        try:
            self.cursor.execute(cmd)
            self.db.commit()
        except:
            self.db.rollback() # 错误回滚
            self.cursor.close() # 关闭游标
            traceback.print_exc()
    
    # 批量写入字典数据
    def write_many_data(self, data_list, table_name):
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor() # 获取操作游标
        try:
            sql_cmd = self.generate_sql_cmd(data_list, table_name)
            self.cursor.executemany(sql_cmd, data_list)
            self.db.commit()
        except:
            self.db.rollback() # 错误回滚
            self.cursor.close() # 关闭游标
            traceback.print_exc()
    # 生成批量写入字典数据的命令
    def generate_sql_cmd(self, data_list, table_name):
        data = data_list[0]
        cols = ", ".join('`{}`'.format(k) for k in data.keys())
        val_cols = ', '.join('%({})s'.format(k) for k in data.keys())
        sql_cmd = "replace INTO {}({}) VALUES({})".format(table_name, cols, val_cols)
        return sql_cmd

    # 关闭数据库链接
    def close_db(self):
        self.cursor.close() # 关闭游标
        self.db.close() # 关闭游标



def main():
    # 链接数据库,需要配置： ip, 端口号， 用户， 密码， 数据库名
    db = MYSQL_INTERFACE('127.0.0.1', 3306, 'root', 'root', 'log_info')
    
    # 读取数据库，返回批量字典数据
    cmd = "select * from log_info_table"
    db_data = db.read_db(cmd)
    print(db_data)

    # 写入一条数据（存在主键时，replace会防止重复数据的写入）
    write_cmd = "replace into log_info_table(datatime, log_file_path) values(2,100)"
    db.write_db(write_cmd)

    # 批量写入字典数据
    data_list = [
        {"datatime":30, "log_file_path":2, "html_file_path":2, "owner":2},
        {"datatime":40, "log_file_path":20, "html_file_path":20, "owner":20},
        ]
    db.write_many_data(data_list, 'log_info_table')

    # 关闭数据库链接
    db.close_db()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    try:
        start_time = time.time()

        main()

        end_time = time.time()
        print("Program running time: {:.2f}s".format(end_time - start_time))
    except:
        traceback.print_exc()

方案二：db信息配置和代码互相隔离

同级目录下，json配置文件和python代码

config.json文件

{
    "log_db":{
        "ip": "127.0.0.1",
        "port": 3306,
        "user": "root",
        "passwd": "root",
        "db_name": "log_info"
    },
    "log_db1":{
        "ip": "127.0.0.1",
        "port": 3306,
        "user": "root",
        "passwd": "root",
        "db_name": "log_info"
    }
}

sql_interface.py文件

import os
import pymysql
import traceback
import time
import json


# 读写数据库
class MYSQL_INTERFACE:
    def __init__(self, ip, port, user, passwd, db_name):
        self.db = pymysql.connect(
            host=ip, 
            port=port,
            user=user, 
            passwd=passwd, 
            db=db_name, 
            charset='utf8',
            cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)

    # 读取数据
    def read_db(self, cmd):
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor() # 获取操作游标
        try: 
            self.cursor.execute(cmd)
            db_data = self.cursor.fetchall()
            return db_data
        except:
            self.cursor.close() # 关闭游标
            traceback.print_exc()
    
    # 写入一条数据
    def write_db(self, cmd):
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor() # 获取操作游标
        try:
            self.cursor.execute(cmd)
            self.db.commit()
        except:
            self.db.rollback() # 错误回滚
            self.cursor.close() # 关闭游标
            traceback.print_exc()
    
    # 批量写入字典数据
    def write_many_data(self, data_list, table_name):
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor() # 获取操作游标
        try:
            sql_cmd = self.generate_sql_cmd(data_list, table_name)
            self.cursor.executemany(sql_cmd, data_list)
            self.db.commit()
        except:
            self.db.rollback() # 错误回滚
            self.cursor.close() # 关闭游标
            traceback.print_exc()
    # 生成批量写入字典数据的命令
    def generate_sql_cmd(self, data_list, table_name):
        data = data_list[0]
        cols = ", ".join('`{}`'.format(k) for k in data.keys())
        val_cols = ', '.join('%({})s'.format(k) for k in data.keys())
        sql_cmd = "replace INTO {}({}) VALUES({})".format(table_name, cols, val_cols)
        return sql_cmd

    # 关闭数据库链接
    def close_db(self):
        self.cursor.close() # 关闭游标
        self.db.close() # 关闭游标


# 从json配置文件中获取db信息；以后仅需配置json文件即可
def read_config_json():
    # 当前脚本所在路径
    dir_path = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0]
    config_file = os.path.join(dir_path, "config.json")
    with open(config_file, "r") as f:
        config_json = json.load(f)
    return config_json


"""
返回值为db对象，存在三个接口：
1、  db.read_db(cmd)  # 读取数据库的命令
2、  db.write_db(write_cmd)  # 写入数据库的命令
3、  # 批量写入字典数据
     # 参数1：批量字典数据， 数据表的名字
	 db.write_many_data(data_list, 'log_info_table')

可以在其他文件引入这个函数，去操作相应的数据库
"""
# 操作某一个数据库；参数：json配置文件的键,去链接相应的数据库
def operat_database(db_key):
    db_info = read_config_json()[db_key]
    db = MYSQL_INTERFACE(db_info["ip"], db_info["port"], db_info["user"], db_info["passwd"], db_info["db_name"])
    return db


def main():
    # 参数：操作哪个数据库（json配置文件的键）
    db = operat_database("log_db")
    # db = operat_database("log_db1")

    # 读取数据库，返回批量字典数据
    cmd = "select * from log_info_table"
    db_data = db.read_db(cmd)
    print(db_data)

    # 写入一条数据（存在主键时，replace会防止重复数据的写入）
    write_cmd = "replace into log_info_table(datatime, log_file_path) values(2,100)"
    db.write_db(write_cmd)

    # 批量写入字典数据
    data_list = [
        {"datatime":30, "log_file_path":2, "html_file_path":2, "owner":2},
        {"datatime":40, "log_file_path":20, "html_file_path":20, "owner":20},
        ]
    db.write_many_data(data_list, 'log_info_table')

    # 关闭数据库链接
    db.close_db()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    try:
        start_time = time.time()

        main()

        end_time = time.time()
        print("Program running time: {:.2f}s".format(end_time - start_time))
    except:
        traceback.print_exc()

在django内使用：
由于django项目的根路径是从项目开始的，所以直接

from common_interface.sql_interface import operat_database

就可以