java递归构建树形结构

只有一个根节点数据结构：

1、准备表结构及对应的表数据
a、表结构：

create table TB_TREE
(
CID NUMBER not null,
CNAME VARCHAR2(50),
PID NUMBER //父节点
)

b、表数据：

insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (1, '中国', 0);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (2, '北京市', 1);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (3, '广东省', 1);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (4, '上海市', 1);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (5, '广州市', 3);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (6, '深圳市', 3);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (7, '海珠区', 5);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (8, '天河区', 5);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (9, '福田区', 6);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (10, '南山区', 6);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (11, '密云县', 2);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (12, '浦东', 4);

2、TreeNode对象，对应tb_tree

public class TreeNode implements Serializable {
private Integer cid;
private String cname;
private Integer pid;
private List nodes = new ArrayList();
 
public TreeNode() {
}
 
//getter、setter省略
}

3、测试数据

public class TreeNodeTest {
@Test
public void loadTree() throws Exception{
System.out.println(JsonUtils.javaToJson(recursiveTree(1)));
}
 
/**
* 递归算法解析成树形结构
*
* @param cid
* @return
* @author jiqinlin
*/
public TreeNode recursiveTree(int cid) {
//根据cid获取节点对象(SELECT * FROM tb_tree t WHERE t.cid=?)
TreeNode node = personService.getreeNode(cid);
//查询cid下的所有子节点(SELECT * FROM tb_tree t WHERE t.pid=?)
List childTreeNodes = personService.queryTreeNode(cid); 
//遍历子节点
for(TreeNode child : childTreeNodes){
TreeNode n = recursiveTree(child.getCid()); //递归
node.getNodes().add(n);
}
 
return node;
}
}

输出的json格式如下：

{
    "cid": 1,
    "nodes": [
        {
            "cid": 2,
            "nodes": [
                {
                    "cid": 11,
                    "nodes": [
                         
                    ],
                    "cname": "密云县",
                    "pid": 2
                }
            ],
            "cname": "北京市",
            "pid": 1
        },
        {
            "cid": 3,
            "nodes": [
                {
                    "cid": 5,
                    "nodes": [
                        {
                            "cid": 7,
                            "nodes": [
                                 
                            ],
                            "cname": "海珠区",
                            "pid": 5
                        },
                        {
                            "cid": 8,
                            "nodes": [
                                 
                            ],
                            "cname": "天河区",
                            "pid": 5
                        }
                    ],
                    "cname": "广州市",
                    "pid": 3
                },
                {
                    "cid": 6,
                    "nodes": [
                        {
                            "cid": 9,
                            "nodes": [
                                 
                            ],
                            "cname": "福田区",
                            "pid": 6
                        },
                        {
                            "cid": 10,
                            "nodes": [
                                 
                            ],
                            "cname": "南山区",
                            "pid": 6
                        }
                    ],
                    "cname": "深圳市",
                    "pid": 3
                }
            ],
            "cname": "广东省",
            "pid": 1
        },
        {
            "cid": 4,
            "nodes": [
                {
                    "cid": 12,
                    "nodes": [
                         
                    ],
                    "cname": "浦东",
                    "pid": 4
                }
            ],
            "cname": "上海市",
            "pid": 1
        }
    ],
    "cname": "中国",
    "pid": 0
}

有多个根节点的树形结构：

package com.forchain.platform.model;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Table(name = "tb_tree")
public class TbTree {

    @Id
    private Long cid;

    @Column(name = "CNAME")
    private String cname;

    @Column(name = "PID")
    private Long pid;

    /**
     * @return CID
     */
    public Long getCid() {
        return cid;
    }

    /**
     * @param cid
     */
    public void setCid(Long cid) {
        this.cid = cid;
    }

    /**
     * @return CNAME
     */
    public String getCname() {
        return cname;
    }

    /**
     * @param cname
     */
    public void setCname(String cname) {
        this.cname = cname;
    }

    /**
     * @return PID
     */
    public Long getPid() {
        return pid;
    }

    /**
     * @param pid
     */
    public void setPid(Long pid) {
        this.pid = pid;
    }
}

/**
 * author   chong
 * 创建日期: 2019/2/26
 * 创建时间: 12:35
 */
@Getter
@Setter
public class TreeNode extends TbTree implements Serializable {

    List<List<TreeNode>> nodeList = new ArrayList<>();

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.forchain.platform.mapper.TbTreeMapper">
  <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.forchain.platform.model.TbTree">
    <!--
      WARNING - @mbg.generated
    -->
    <result column="CID" jdbcType="BIGINT" property="cid" />
    <result column="CNAME" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="cname" />
    <result column="PID" jdbcType="BIGINT" property="pid" />
  </resultMap>
  <select id="queryTreeNode" parameterType="java.lang.Long" resultType="com.forchain.platform.model.TreeNode">
    select * from tb_tree where PID =#{pId}
  </select>
</mapper>

package com.forchain.platform.mapper;

import com.forchain.platform.config.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.forchain.platform.model.TbTree;
import com.forchain.platform.model.TreeNode;

import java.util.List;

public interface TbTreeMapper extends BaseMapper<TbTree> {

    List<TreeNode> queryTreeNode(Long pId);

}

create table tb_tree
(
CID BIGINT not null,
CNAME VARCHAR(50),
PID BIGINT
)

insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (1, '中国', NULL);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (2, '北京市', NULL);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (3, '广东省', NULL);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (4, '上海市', 1);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (5, '广州市', 1);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (6, '深圳市', 1);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (7, '海珠区', 1);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (8, '天河区', 2);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (9, '福田区', 2);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (10, '南山区', 3);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (11, '密云县', 3);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (12, '浦东', 3);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (13, '浦东22', 3);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (14, '浦东23', 4);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (15, '浦东24', 4);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (16, '浦东25', 6);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (17, '浦东25', 6);
insert into tb_tree (CID, CNAME, PID) values (18, '浦东25', 6);

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class BcHrPlatformTest {

    @Resource
    TbTreeMapper tbTreeMapper;
    @Test
    public void loadTree() {
        System.err.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(recursiveTree(Long.parseLong(String.valueOf(0)))));
    }

    /**
     * 递归算法解析成树形结构
     */
    public List<TreeNode> recursiveTree(Long pId) {
        List<TreeNode> treeNodes = tbTreeMapper.queryTreeNode(pId);
        for (TreeNode node:treeNodes) {
            List<TreeNode> treeNodes1 = recursiveTree(node.getCid());
            if (!treeNodes1.isEmpty()) {
                node.getNodeList().add(treeNodes1);
            }
        }
        return treeNodes;
    }
}

[{
    "cid": 1,
    "cname": "中国",
    "nodeList": [
        [{
            "cid": 4,
            "cname": "上海市",
            "nodeList": [
                [{
                    "cid": 14,
                    "cname": "浦东23",
                    "nodeList": [],
                    "pid": 4
                }, {
                    "cid": 15,
                    "cname": "浦东24",
                    "nodeList": [],
                    "pid": 4
                }]
            ],
            "pid": 1
        }, {
            "cid": 5,
            "cname": "广州市",
            "nodeList": [],
            "pid": 1
        }, {
            "cid": 6,
            "cname": "深圳市",
            "nodeList": [
                [{
                    "cid": 16,
                    "cname": "浦东25",
                    "nodeList": [],
                    "pid": 6
                }, {
                    "cid": 17,
                    "cname": "浦东25",
                    "nodeList": [],
                    "pid": 6
                }, {
                    "cid": 18,
                    "cname": "浦东25",
                    "nodeList": [],
                    "pid": 6
                }]
            ],
            "pid": 1
        }, {
            "cid": 7,
            "cname": "海珠区",
            "nodeList": [],
            "pid": 1
        }]
    ],
    "pid": 0
}, {
    "cid": 2,
    "cname": "北京市",
    "nodeList": [
        [{
            "cid": 8,
            "cname": "天河区",
            "nodeList": [],
            "pid": 2
        }, {
            "cid": 9,
            "cname": "福田区",
            "nodeList": [],
            "pid": 2
        }]
    ],
    "pid": 0
}, {
    "cid": 3,
    "cname": "广东省",
    "nodeList": [
        [{
            "cid": 10,
            "cname": "南山区",
            "nodeList": [],
            "pid": 3
        }, {
            "cid": 11,
            "cname": "密云县",
            "nodeList": [],
            "pid": 3
        }, {
            "cid": 12,
            "cname": "浦东",
            "nodeList": [],
            "pid": 3
        }, {
            "cid": 13,
            "cname": "浦东22",
            "nodeList": [],
            "pid": 3
        }]
    ],
    "pid": 0
}]