flask 04

Flask 文件上传

一、消息的展示

导入：

1. flash 存入消息到列表
2. get_flashed_messages 获取消息进行展示

概述：

当用户的某些状态发生了改变 需要给出信息提示

manage.py

app.route('/test_form/',methods=['GET','POST'])
def test_form():
    form = TestForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        flash('传递过来的数据都对！')
        flash('你们爽姐来了！')
        print(get_flashed_messages())

base.html

{% block content %}
<div class="container">
    {% for info in get_flashed_messages() %}
        <div class="alert alert-success alert-dismissible" role="alert">
            <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"><span
                    aria-hidden="true">&times;</span></button>
            {{ info }}
        </div>
    {% endfor %}
    {% block pagecontent %}
        base模板中填充内容部分
    {% endblock %}
</div>
{% endblock %}

二、flask-moment用于时间处理的扩展库

安装:

pip3 install flask-moment

使用

from flask_moment import Moment
moment = Moment()

from datetime import datetime,timedelta
@app.route('/test_form/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def test_form():
    form = TestForm()
    time = datetime.utcnow()+timedelta(minutes=-5)
    return render_template('testform.html', form=form,time=time)

html

{% extends 'common/base.html' %}
{% block pagecontent %}
    {% from 'bootstrap/wtf.html' import quick_form %}
    {{ quick_form(form) }}

    {#  时间的展示  #}
    <ul>
        <li>{{ moment(time).format('L') }}</li>
        <li>{{ moment(time).format('LL') }}</li>
        <li>{{ moment(time).format('LLL') }}</li>
        <li>{{ moment(time).format('LLLL') }}</li>
        <li>{{ moment(time).format('Y-M-D H:m:s') }}</li>
        <li>{{ moment(time).fromNow()}}</li>
    </ul>
{% endblock %}
{% block scripts %}
    {{ super() }}
    {#  加载moment显示时间的js代码 #}
    {{ moment.include_moment() }}
    {{ moment.locale('zh-CN') }}
{% endblock %}

http://momentjs.com/docs/#/displaying/

扩展库：

1. flask-sqlalchemy
2. flask-cache
3. flask-login
4. flask-uploads
5. flask-mail

三、原生文件上传

注意：

如果文件上传失败

1. enctype值是否更改
2. input的name是否有值

upload.html

{% extends 'common/base.html' %}
{% block title %}
文件上传
{% endblock %}
{% block pagecontent %}
    <h2>文件上传</h2>
    <form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <p>选择文件： <input type="file" name="file"></p>
        <p><input type="submit" value="submit"></p>
    </form>
{% endblock %}

manage.py

from flask import Flask,render_template,request
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
from flask_script import Manager
import os
app = Flask(__name__)
PATH = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'static/upload')
Bootstrap(app)
manager = Manager(app)



#原生文件上传
@app.route('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])
def upload():
    print(request.files)
    file = request.files.get('file')
    if request.method == 'POST' and file:
        print('文件名称为',file.filename)
        file.save(os.path.join(PATH,file.filename))
    return render_template('upload.html')



if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()

添加过滤条件的上传

from flask import Flask,render_template,request,flash
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
from flask_script import Manager
import string,random,os
#pip3 install pillow
from PIL import Image

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH'] = 1024*1024*64 #限制上传文件的大小
ALLOWED_FILES = ['jpg','jpeg','gif','png'] #允许上传的文件类型
PATH = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'static/upload')
Bootstrap(app)
manager = Manager(app)


"""
1.拿到上传文件对象
2.限制文件的大小
3.设置允许上传的文件的类型
4.生成随机的图片名称
5.进行保存
6.进行缩放处理
7.模板展示上传成功以后的图片
"""

def random_name(suffix,length=32):
    Str = string.ascii_letters+string.digits
    while True:
        newName = ''.join(random.choice(Str) for i in range(length)) +'.'+ suffix
        path = os.path.join(PATH, newName)
        if not os.path.exists(path):
            break
    return path,newName

#图片缩放
def img_zoom(picInfo,prefix='s',width=300,height=300):
    # 图片缩放
    img = Image.open(picInfo[0])
    img.thumbnail((width, height))  # 重新设计尺寸
    path = os.path.split(picInfo[0])
    newPath = os.path.join(path[0],prefix+'_'+path[1])
    img.save(newPath)
    return prefix+'_'+path[1]

#原生文件上传
@app.route('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])
def upload():
    img_name = None
    print(request.files)
    file = request.files.get('file')
    if request.method == 'POST' and file:
        filename = file.filename
        suffix = filename.split('.')[-1]
        if suffix not in ALLOWED_FILES:
            flash('该文件类型不允许上传')
        else:
            picInfo = random_name(suffix) #获取图片新名称
            file.save(picInfo[0])
            # img_name = picInfo[1]

            # 处理图片缩放
            img_name = img_zoom(picInfo)
            img_zoom(picInfo,'m',400,400)


    return render_template('upload.html',img_name=img_name)

四、flask-uploads上传

安装：

pip3 install flask-uploads

使用：

from flask import Flask,render_template,request,flash
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
from flask_script import Manager
from flask_uploads import UploadSet,configure_uploads,patch_request_class,IMAGES
import os



app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH'] = 1024*1024*64
app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTO_DEST'] = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'static/upload')
Bootstrap(app)
file = UploadSet('photo',IMAGES)
configure_uploads(app,file)
patch_request_class(app,size=None)
manager = Manager(app)



#原生文件上传
@app.route('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])
def upload():
    img_name = None
    if request.method == 'POST' and request.files.get('file'):
        filename = file.save(request.files.get('file'))
        img_name = filename
    return render_template('upload.html',img_name=img_name)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()

最终版本的上传

manage.py

from flask import Flask,render_template,request,flash
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
from flask_script import Manager
from flask_uploads import UploadSet,configure_uploads,patch_request_class,IMAGES
import os
from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from wtforms import SubmitField
from flask_wtf.file import FileAllowed,FileRequired,FileField


app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = '123kjdshakjshja;'
app.config['MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH'] = 1024*1024*64
app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTO_DEST'] = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'static/upload')
Bootstrap(app)
file = UploadSet('photo',IMAGES)
configure_uploads(app,file)
patch_request_class(app,size=None)
manager = Manager(app)

class Upload(FlaskForm):
    photo = FileField('选择头像',validators=[FileAllowed(file,message='该文件类型不允许上传！'),FileRequired('文件不能为空！')])
    submit = SubmitField('上传')

#原生文件上传
@app.route('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])
def upload():
    img_url = None
    form = Upload()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        filename = file.save(form.photo.data)
        img_url = file.url(filename)

    return render_template('upload2.html',img_url=img_url,form=form)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()

html

{% extends 'common/base.html' %}
{% block title %}
    最终版本文件上传
{% endblock %}
{% block pagecontent %}
    {% if img_url %}
        {{ img_url }}
        <img src="{{ img_url }}" alt="">
    {% endif %}
    {% from 'bootstrap/wtf.html' import quick_form %}
    {{ quick_form(form) }}
{% endblock %}