二十三种设计模式(十八)命令模式

命令模式是指将一些常用的操作集合封装成一个类,当调用者调用时直接去命令类里面调用,而不是与实际执行命令的执行者交互。实现了调用者与执行者的解耦

/**

* 执行者1

*/

public class Excutor1 {

public void doSomething(){

System.out.println("Excutor1在执行doSomething");

}

public void undo(){

System.out.println("Excutor1在执行undo");

}

}

/**

* 执行者2

*/

public class Excutor2 {

public void doSomething(){

System.out.println("Excutor2在执行doSomething");

}

public void undo(){

System.out.println("Excutor2在执行undo");

}

}

/**

* 执行者3

*/

public class Excutor3 {

public void doSomething(){

System.out.println("Excutor3在执行doSomething");

}

public void undo(){

System.out.println("Excutor3在执行undo");

}

}

/**

* 命令接口,所有的命令都要实现这个接口

* */

public interface Command {

//执行

public void excute();

//回滚

public void rollback();

}

/**

* 插入命令

* */

public class InsertCommand implements Command{

Excutor1 excutor1;

Excutor2 excutor2;

public InsertCommand(Excutor1 excutor1,Excutor2 excutor2){

this.excutor1 = excutor1;

this.excutor2 = excutor2;

};

@Override

public void excute() {

excutor1.doSomething();

excutor2.doSomething();

}

@Override

public void rollback() {

excutor2.undo();

excutor1.undo();

}

}

/**

* 删除命令

* */

public class DeleteCommand implements Command{

Excutor3 excutor3;

Excutor2 excutor2;

public DeleteCommand(Excutor3 excutor3, Excutor2 excutor2){

this.excutor3 = excutor3;

this.excutor2 = excutor2;

};

@Override

public void excute() {

excutor3.doSomething();

excutor2.doSomething();

}

@Override

public void rollback() {

excutor2.undo();

excutor3.undo();

}

}

/**

* 调用者

* */

public class Caller {

Command[] c;

public Caller(Command[] c){

this.c = c;

}

}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//准备好命令集

Command[] commands = new Command[3];

commands[0] = new InsertCommand(new Excutor1(),new Excutor2());

commands[1] = new DeleteCommand(new Excutor3(),new Excutor2());

//创建调用者,把命令集传进去

Caller caller = new Caller(commands);

//执行插入命令

Command c1 = caller.c[0];

c1.excute();

//执行删除命令

Command c2 = caller.c[1];

c2.excute();

//执行回滚

Command c3 = caller.c[0];

Command c4 = caller.c[1];

c3.rollback();

c4.rollback();

}

}

可以看到,经过命令类的封装,实现了调用者caller和执行者Excutor之间的解耦,常用于一个系统中常用且不变的处理方式。其作用类似于工具类,拿来即用。