step1.创建maven web项目
step2.导入spring-mvc包
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
step3.web.xml配置前端控制器
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<description></description>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 设置load-on-startup, 使前端控制器在Web容器启动时候实例化. -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<description></description>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
step4.添加spring-mvc.xml(在src/main/resources里面)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd">
<!-- annotation:注解, driven: 驱动的 -->
<!-- annotation-driven 标签配置了 HandlerMapping 对象-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<!-- bean id="jspViewResolver" 配置了视图处理器 -->
<bean id="jspViewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<context:component-scan base-package="spring"/> (spring是我的包名)
</beans>
step5.编写控制器(spring里面)
@Controller
public class DemoController {
/*
* 控制器方法, 在请求 "/demo.do" 时候
* 执行 hello() 方法, 执行成功后返回
* 视图 "hello" 作为显示界面
* "hello" 经过视图处理器添加前后缀以后映射到
* /WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp 文件
*/
@RequestMapping("/demo.do")
public ModelAndView hello(){
System.out.println("hello()");
//返回视图 "hello" 给用户
return new ModelAndView("hello");
}
}
step6.编写视图(在webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp;jsp我new出来的)
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body style="font-size:30px;">
<h1>Hello World!</h1>
</body>
</html>
step7.浏览器输入
http://localhost:8080/spring-mvc/demo.do
Spring MVC 5大组件
1.单一前端控制器 DispatcherServlet
2.请求处理映射器 HandlerMapping
3.控制器组件 Controller, 需要用户编写
4.ModelAndView(视图和模型对象),是控制器方法返回值, 用于封装视图和在视图上显示的数据
5.ViewResolver 视图处理器, 用于处理视图和视图上的数据.