CentOS7安装mysql5.7

下载mysql的rpm文件

# wget 'https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm'

如果没有wget命令，可参考 安装wget命令

升级rpm包

# rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

说明：本次使用root账户安装，如果是非root账户，命令开头需要添加sudo，下同。

查看mysql相关包

# yum repolist all | grep mysql

输出如下： 

mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community   disabled
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community - disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community   disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community - disabled
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64  MySQL Connectors Community    enabled:    131
mysql-connectors-community-source  MySQL Connectors Community -  disabled
mysql-tools-community/x86_64       MySQL Tools Community         enabled:    100
mysql-tools-community-source       MySQL Tools Community - Sourc disabled
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64         MySQL Tools Preview           disabled
mysql-tools-preview-source         MySQL Tools Preview - Source  disabled
mysql55-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.5 Community Server    disabled
mysql55-community-source           MySQL 5.5 Community Server -  disabled
mysql56-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.6 Community Server    disabled
mysql56-community-source           MySQL 5.6 Community Server -  disabled
mysql57-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.7 Community Server    enabled:    384
mysql57-community-source           MySQL 5.7 Community Server -  disabled
mysql80-community/x86_64           MySQL 8.0 Community Server    disabled
mysql80-community-source           MySQL 8.0 Community Server -  disabled

说明：安装mysql community server时，默认安装5.7版本（enabled的版本）

安装mysql服务

# yum install -y mysql-community-server

如果安装出现如下警告

 原因是Mysql的GPG升级了，需要重新获取，获取命令如下

rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

启动mysql服务

# systemctl start mysqld

查看默认的随机密码

# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

输出如下：

2019-11-04T16:40:09.957827Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: xGgd&oRNO8W.

 xGgd&oRNO8W. 为随机密码

修改密码

进入mysql命令行

# mysql -uroot -p

输入上一步得到的随机密码，进入mysql命令行

mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('12345678');

注意：

1.mysql> 为命令提示符，不用输入；

2.12345678是设置的密码，自行更改，密码至少为8个字符；

3.如果提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements，说明密码不满足安全要求，需要增加密码复杂度。

允许远程登录

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678' WITH GRANT OPTION;

注意：'12345678'为上一步设置的密码，注意按实际修改。 

刷新配置 

mysql> flush privileges;

退出mysql命令行

按住Ctrl + z或键入quit;退出mysql命令行

相关设置

设置编码/sql_mode/时区

# nano /etc/my.cnf

末尾添加如下内容：

character-set-server=utf8

sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

default-time_zone = '+8:00'

重启mysql服务

# systemctl restart mysqld

设置开机启动mysql

# systemctl enable mysqld

重新加载进程 

# systemctl daemon-reload

mysql安装目录介绍：

Files or Resources	Location
Client programs and scripts	/usr/bin
mysqld server	/usr/sbin
Configuration file	/etc/my.cnf
Data directory	/var/lib/mysql
Error log file	For RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS or Fedora platforms: /var/log/mysqld.log For SLES: /var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
Value of secure_file_priv	/var/lib/mysql-files
System V init script	For RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS or Fedora platforms: /etc/init.d/mysqld For SLES: /etc/init.d/mysql
Systemd service	For RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS or Fedora platforms: mysqld For SLES: mysql
Pid file	/var/run/mysql/mysqld.pid
Socket	/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Keyring directory	/var/lib/mysql-keyring
Unix manual pages	/usr/share/man
Include (header) files	/usr/include/mysql
Libraries	/usr/lib/mysql
Miscellaneous support files (for example, error messages, and character set files)	/usr/share/mysql

至此完成mysql的安装，接下来可以测试用navicat等工具连接到数据库。

完成！ enjoy it！