数据可视化之matlibplot(03)--饼图&圆环图&箱线图&棉棒图&误差棒图&带误差棒的柱状图&子图

函数及参数

plt.pie()

参考文档：官网说明文档

属性	说明	类型
x	数据	list
labels	标签	list
autopct	数据标签	%0.1%% 保留一位小数
explode	突出的部分	list
shadow	是否显示阴影	bool
pctdistance	数据标签的距离圆心位置	0~1
labeldistance	标签的比例	float
startangle	开始绘图的角度	float
radius	半径长	默认是1

简单饼图绘图

列表里的数据是小数时，按照小数所对应分数计算

x = [0.1,0.5,0.2]  
plt.pie(x)

列表里的数据是整数时，按照百分比计算

x = [1,5,2]
plt.pie(x)

label(s)–标签（饼图外侧显示的说明文字）

x = [1,5,2]
plt.pie(x,labels=["apple","orange","banana"])

explode–与圆心的距离

x = [1,5,2]
plt.pie(x,labels=["apple","orange","banana"],
		explode=[0.1,0,0])

x = [1,5,2]
plt.pie(x,labels=["apple","orange","banana"],
		explode=[1.5,0.5,0])

startangle–起始绘制角度（默认从x轴正方向逆时针画起）

x = [1,5,2]
plt.pie(x,labels=["apple","orange","banana"],
        startangle=30)

shadow–在饼图下面画一个阴影。默认值为False

x = [1,5,2]
plt.pie(x,labels=["apple","orange","banana"],
        shadow=True)

labeldistance–label标签的位置（与半径成比例，默认值为1.1）

x = [1,5,2]
plt.pie(x,labels=["apple","orange","banana"],
        shadow=True,
        labeldistance=0.8)

x = [1,5,2]
plt.pie(x,labels=["apple","orange","banana"],
        shadow=True,
        labeldistance=0.5)

autopct–控制饼图内百分比设置

’%1.1f’指小数点前后位数（没有用空格补齐）

x = [1,5,2]
plt.pie(x,labels=["apple","orange","banana"],
        shadow=True,
        labeldistance=1.2,
        autopct='%1.1f')

x = [1,5,2]
plt.pie(x,labels=["apple","orange","banana"],
        shadow=True,
        labeldistance=1.2,
        autopct='%1.1f%%')

x = [1,5,2]
plt.pie(x,labels=["apple","orange","banana"],
        shadow=True,
        labeldistance=1.2,
        autopct='%.0f%%')

pctdistance–指定autopct的位置刻度（饼图百分比与圆心的距离，默认值为0.6）

x = [1,5,2]
plt.pie(x,labels=["apple","orange","banana"],
        shadow=True,
        labeldistance=1.2,
        autopct='%.0f%%',
        pctdistance=0.2)