Zookeeper学习

安装教程

数据模型

常用命令

创建节点的几个有效性：

持久化目录节点为默认创建 创建方式为 create /节点path
临时节点 创建方式为 create -e /节点path
顺序节点 创建方式为 create -s /节点path
顺序临时节点 创建方式为 create -es /节点path

javaAPI操作zookeeper实现节点增删改查

首先导入pom.xml坐标

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>zk-client</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>


    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.10</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--curator-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--日志-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>


    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

log4j.properties文件配置

log4j.rootLogger=off,stdout
log4j.appender.stdout = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern = [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH/:mm/:ss}]%-5p %c(line/:%L) %x-%m%n

创建连接实现增删改查

package com.itheima.curator;

import org.apache.curator.RetryPolicy;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.api.BackgroundCallback;
import org.apache.curator.framework.api.CuratorEvent;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class CuratorTest {


    private CuratorFramework client;

    /**
     * 建立连接
     */
    @Before
    public void testConnect() {

        /*
         *
         * @param connectString       连接字符串。zk server 地址和端口 "192.168.149.135:2181,192.168.149.136:2181"
         * @param sessionTimeoutMs    会话超时时间 单位ms
         * @param connectionTimeoutMs 连接超时时间 单位ms
         * @param retryPolicy         重试策略
         */
       /* //重试策略
        RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000,10);
        //1.第一种方式
        CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient("192.168.149.135:2181",
                60 * 1000, 15 * 1000, retryPolicy);*/
        //重试策略
        RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000, 10);
        //2.第二种方式
        //CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder();
        client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
                .connectString("192.168.149.135:2181")
                .sessionTimeoutMs(60 * 1000)
                .connectionTimeoutMs(15 * 1000)
                .retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
                .namespace("itheima")
                .build();

        //开启连接
        client.start();

    }
//==============================create=============================================================================

    /**
     * 创建节点：create 持久 临时 顺序 数据
     * 1. 基本创建 ：create().forPath("")
     * 2. 创建节点 带有数据:create().forPath("",data)
     * 3. 设置节点的类型：create().withMode().forPath("",data)
     * 4. 创建多级节点  /app1/p1 ：create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().forPath("",data)
     */
    @Test
    public void testCreate() throws Exception {
        //2. 创建节点 带有数据
        //如果创建节点，没有指定数据，则默认将当前客户端的ip作为数据存储
        String path = client.create().forPath("/app2", "hehe".getBytes());
        System.out.println(path);

    }

    @Test
    public void testCreate2() throws Exception {
        //1. 基本创建
        //如果创建节点，没有指定数据，则默认将当前客户端的ip作为数据存储
        String path = client.create().forPath("/app1");
        System.out.println(path);

    }

    @Test
    public void testCreate3() throws Exception {
        //3. 设置节点的类型
        //默认类型：持久化
        String path = client.create().withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL).forPath("/app3");
        System.out.println(path);


    }

    @Test
    public void testCreate4() throws Exception {
        //4. 创建多级节点  /app1/p1
        //creatingParentsIfNeeded():如果父节点不存在，则创建父节点
        String path = client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().forPath("/app4/p1");
        System.out.println(path);
    }
//===========================get================================================================================

    /**
     * 查询节点：
     * 1. 查询数据：get: getData().forPath()
     * 2. 查询子节点： ls: getChildren().forPath()
     * 3. 查询节点状态信息：ls -s:getData().storingStatIn(状态对象).forPath()
     */

    @Test
    public void testGet1() throws Exception {
        //1. 查询数据：get
        byte[] data = client.getData().forPath("/app1");
        System.out.println(new String(data));
    }

    @Test
    public void testGet2() throws Exception {
        // 2. 查询子节点： ls
        List<String> path = client.getChildren().forPath("/");

        System.out.println(path);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGet3() throws Exception {


        Stat status = new Stat();
        System.out.println(status);
        //3. 查询节点状态信息：ls -s
        client.getData().storingStatIn(status).forPath("/app1");

        System.out.println(status);

    }

    //===========================set================================================================================

    /**
     * 修改数据
     * 1. 基本修改数据：setData().forPath()
     * 2. 根据版本修改: setData().withVersion().forPath()
     * * version 是通过查询出来的。目的就是为了让其他客户端或者线程不干扰我。
     *
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testSet() throws Exception {
        client.setData().forPath("/app1", "itcast".getBytes());
    }


    @Test
    public void testSetForVersion() throws Exception {

        Stat status = new Stat();
        //3. 查询节点状态信息：ls -s
        client.getData().storingStatIn(status).forPath("/app1");


        int version = status.getVersion();//查询出来的 3
        System.out.println(version);
        client.setData().withVersion(version).forPath("/app1", "hehe".getBytes());
    }

    //===========================delete================================================================================

    /**
     * 删除节点： delete deleteall
     * 1. 删除单个节点:delete().forPath("/app1");
     * 2. 删除带有子节点的节点:delete().deletingChildrenIfNeeded().forPath("/app1");
     * 3. 必须成功的删除:为了防止网络抖动。本质就是重试。  client.delete().guaranteed().forPath("/app2");
     * 4. 回调：inBackground
     * @throws Exception
     */


    @Test
    public void testDelete() throws Exception {
        // 1. 删除单个节点
        client.delete().forPath("/app1");
    }

    @Test
    public void testDelete2() throws Exception {
        //2. 删除带有子节点的节点
        client.delete().deletingChildrenIfNeeded().forPath("/app4");
    }
    @Test
    public void testDelete3() throws Exception {
        //3. 必须成功的删除
        client.delete().guaranteed().forPath("/app2");
    }

    @Test
    public void testDelete4() throws Exception {
        //4. 回调
        client.delete().guaranteed().inBackground(new BackgroundCallback(){

            @Override
            public void processResult(CuratorFramework client, CuratorEvent event) throws Exception {
                System.out.println("我被删除了~");
                System.out.println(event);
            }
        }).forPath("/app1");
    }

    @After
    public void close() {
        if (client != null) {
            client.close();
        }
    }


}

事件监听器

基本概念:

JavaAPI操作

package com.itheima.curator;
import org.apache.curator.RetryPolicy;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.*;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class CuratorWatcherTest {


    private CuratorFramework client;

    /**
     * 建立连接
     */
    @Before
    public void testConnect() {

        /*
         *
         * @param connectString       连接字符串。zk server 地址和端口 "192.168.149.135:2181,192.168.149.136:2181"
         * @param sessionTimeoutMs    会话超时时间 单位ms
         * @param connectionTimeoutMs 连接超时时间 单位ms
         * @param retryPolicy         重试策略
         */
       /* //重试策略
        RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000,10);
        //1.第一种方式
        CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient("192.168.149.135:2181",
                60 * 1000, 15 * 1000, retryPolicy);*/
        //重试策略
        RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000, 10);
        //2.第二种方式
        //CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder();
        client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
                .connectString("192.168.149.135:2181")
                .sessionTimeoutMs(60 * 1000)
                .connectionTimeoutMs(15 * 1000)
                .retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
                .namespace("itheima")
                .build();

        //开启连接
        client.start();

    }

    @After
    public void close() {
        if (client != null) {
            client.close();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 演示 NodeCache：给指定一个节点注册监听器
     */

    @Test
    public void testNodeCache() throws Exception {
        //1. 创建NodeCache对象
        final NodeCache nodeCache = new NodeCache(client,"/app1");
        //2. 注册监听
        nodeCache.getListenable().addListener(new NodeCacheListener() {
            @Override
            public void nodeChanged() throws Exception {
                System.out.println("节点变化了~");

                //获取修改节点后的数据
                byte[] data = nodeCache.getCurrentData().getData();
                System.out.println(new String(data));
            }
        });

        //3. 开启监听.如果设置为true，则开启监听是，加载缓冲数据
        nodeCache.start(true);


        while (true){

        }
    }



    /**
     * 演示 PathChildrenCache：监听某个节点的所有子节点们
     */

    @Test
    public void testPathChildrenCache() throws Exception {
        //1.创建监听对象
        PathChildrenCache pathChildrenCache = new PathChildrenCache(client,"/app2",true);

        //2. 绑定监听器
        pathChildrenCache.getListenable().addListener(new PathChildrenCacheListener() {
            @Override
            public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, PathChildrenCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
                System.out.println("子节点变化了~");
                System.out.println(event);
                //监听子节点的数据变更，并且拿到变更后的数据
                //1.获取类型
                PathChildrenCacheEvent.Type type = event.getType();
                //2.判断类型是否是update
                if(type.equals(PathChildrenCacheEvent.Type.CHILD_UPDATED)){
                    System.out.println("数据变了！！！");
                    byte[] data = event.getData().getData();
                    System.out.println(new String(data));

                }
            }
        });
        //3. 开启
        pathChildrenCache.start();

        while (true){

        }
    }





    /**
     * 演示 TreeCache：监听某个节点自己和所有子节点们
     */

    @Test
    public void testTreeCache() throws Exception {
        //1. 创建监听器
        TreeCache treeCache = new TreeCache(client,"/app2");

        //2. 注册监听
        treeCache.getListenable().addListener(new TreeCacheListener() {
            @Override
            public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, TreeCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
                System.out.println("节点变化了");
                System.out.println(event);
            }
        });

        //3. 开启
        treeCache.start();

        while (true){

        }
    }

}

分布式锁:

基本概念:

解决跨机器的进程之间的数据同步问题

锁的原理

船舰一个临时的有序的节点

JavaApi实现

多线程测试类:

 public static void main(String[] args) {
        Ticket12306 ticket12306 = new Ticket12306();

        //创建客户端
        Thread t1 = new Thread(ticket12306,"携程");
        Thread t2 = new Thread(ticket12306,"飞猪");

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
    }

锁的实现:

package com.itheima.curator;

import org.apache.curator.RetryPolicy;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.locks.InterProcessMutex;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class Ticket12306 implements Runnable{
    private int tickets = 10;//数据库的票数
    private InterProcessMutex lock ;
	//在构造函数里初始化锁和客户端信息
    public Ticket12306(){
        //重试策略
        RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000, 10);
        //2.第二种方式
        //CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder();
        CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
                .connectString("192.168.149.135:2181")
                .sessionTimeoutMs(60 * 1000)
                .connectionTimeoutMs(15 * 1000)
                .retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
                .build();
        //开启连接
        client.start();
		//指定锁在哪里节点下
        lock = new InterProcessMutex(client,"/lock");
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            //获取锁
            try {
            	//设置锁的超时时间   这里没获取到锁就不会往下执行
                lock.acquire(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
                if(tickets > 0){

                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread()+":"+tickets);
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                    tickets--;
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally {
                //释放锁
                try {
                    lock.release();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Zookeeper集群搭建

事务请求 增删改
非事务请求 查

搭建教程：
https://wws.lanzoui.com/ik1lfrbw9pe

注意点

在leader停掉后并且还是构成集群模式时会选择一个新的leader
当follower停掉后并且还构成集群环境，对数据没有影响