MySql主从复制配置

1.master配置

        1.1在MySQL配置文件/etc/my.cnf中的[mysqld]一节中加入以下语句

[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin #开启二进制日志并命名为mysql-bin
server-id=1 #服务器id，主从服务器组内编号唯一

        1.2重启MySQL数据库登陆

systemctl restart mysqld

mysql-u root -p

         1.3查看主机状态

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      157 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

        1.4创建账户授权

#任何主机访问数据的权限注意如果使用的是MySQL8，需要如下的方式建立账户，并授权slave
CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Slave_123';

        说明：

• MySQL创建用户命令：CREATE USER 'username'@'host' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
• username：指定创建的用户名
• host：指定用户登录的主机ip，% 表示任意主机都可远程登录，localhost 表示本地才能登录
• password：指定该用户的登录密码

 1.5给创建的用户授权同步复制权

#接着给创建的用户授权同步复制权限
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';
#刷新权限
flush privileges;

说明：

• MySQL创建授权命令：GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON database.table TO 'username'@'host'；
• privilege ：指定授权的权限，比如create、drop等权限，具体有哪些权限，可查看官网文档
• database：指定哪些数据库生效，*表示全部数据库生效
• table：指定所在数据库的哪些数据表生效，*表示所在数据库的全部数据表生效
• username：指定被授予权限的用户名
• host：指定用户登录的主机ip，%表示任意主机都可远程登录

2.slave配置

        2.1修改配置文件

[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin 
server-id=2

        2.2配置从机

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='48.4.124.71',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER='slave', MASTER_PASSWORD='Slave_123', MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=330205 , get_master_public_key=1;

 说明

• MASTER_HOST='48.4.124.71' #主机ip
• MASTER_PORT=3306             #主机端口
• MASTER_USER='slave'           #主机创建的复制账号
• MASTER_PASSWORD='Slave_123'   #主机创建的复制账号密码
• MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001'  #主机偏移量
• MASTER_LOG_POS=330205                    #主机偏移量
• get_master_public_key=1;                           #密码策略设置

        2.3开启/关闭从机

START SLAVE;
STOP SLAVE;

3.验证

        3.1查看从机状态重点观察Slave_IO_Running: Yes  Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
                  Master_Host: 48.4.124.71
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 330205
               Relay_Log_File: 192-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 326
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 330205
              Relay_Log_Space: 534
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 3
                  Master_UUID: 33982a36-c8be-11ee-a195-fa163eef4717
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
       Master_public_key_path: 
        Get_master_public_key: 1
            Network_Namespace: 

        3.2在master创建test、test1 数据库成功同步到slave

master
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mldong-plus        |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> create database test1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)


slave
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
| test1              |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)