Naraku--this()的用法

任务三：this()的用法

package Test;
public class Animal {
	static String type;
	static String eat;
	static int foots;
	
	public  Animal() {
		type="Tiger";
		eat="meat";
		foots=4;
		System.out.println(type + " usually have " + foots + " legs,eat " + eat );	
	}
	
	public   Animal(int a){		
		this();
		type="Tiger";
		eat="meat";
		foots=a;
		System.out.println(type + " usually have " + foots + " legs,eat " + eat );
	}
	
	public   Animal(int a,String b){		
		this(a);
		type="Tiger";
		eat=b;
		foots=a;
		System.out.println(type + " usually have " + foots + " legs,eat " + eat );
	}
	
	public   Animal(int a,String b,String c){		
		this(a,b);
		type=c;
		eat=b;
		foots=a;
		System.out.println(type + " usually have " + foots + " legs,eat " + eat );
	}
	
	{
		type="Tiger";
		eat="meat";
		foots=4;
		System.out.println("Initialization block was finished !");
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new Animal(2,"meat and vegetables","Human");																				
	}

}

首先还是先看我们的 main() 方法：

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new Animal(2,"meat and vegetables","Human");																				
	}

这里就是一个简单的实例化，传过去三个参数，类型分别为 int ， String ， String，那么此时，Java就会寻找有三个参数的 Animal(int ,String ,String ) ，

	public   Animal(int a,String b,String c){		
		this(a,b);
		type=c;
		eat=b;
		foots=a;
		System.out.println(type + " usually have " + foots + " legs,eat " + eat );
	}

非常遗憾的是这个构造器中有一个 this(a,b)，那就不得不先去调用拥有两个参数的 Animal(int ,String ) 了，

	public   Animal(int a,String b){		
		this(a);
		type="Tiger";
		eat=b;
		foots=a;
		System.out.println(type + " usually have " + foots + " legs,eat " + eat );
	}

很可惜，这里也有 this(a) ，而它指向的 Animal(int) 里又有 this() ,那我们就直接跳到 this() 指向的 Animal() 吧，到了这里，又要再上一级，先到类里去，看看类里有没有可执行语句，于是就会检测到下列代码：

	static String type;
	static String eat;
	static int foots;

找到这个之后并不会马上执行 Animal() 而是先找初始化块

	{
		type="Tiger";
		eat="meat";
		foots=4;
		System.out.println("Initialization block was finished !");
	}

这里会输出 Initialization block was finished ! 说明初始化块完成，接下来依次进入 Animal() ，Animal(int) ，Animal(int,String) ，Animal(int,String,String) ，中执行
在 Animal() 中，都还是默认值，输出 Tiger usually have 4 legs,eat meat

	public  Animal() {
		
		type="Tiger";
		eat="meat";
		foots=4;
		System.out.println(type + " usually have " + foots + " legs,eat " + eat );	
	}

在 Animal(int) 中，脚数变更为了传递过来的 2，输出 Tiger usually have 2 legs,eat meat

	public   Animal(int a){		
		this();
		type="Tiger";
		eat="meat";
		foots=a;
		System.out.println(type + " usually have " + foots + " legs,eat " + eat );
	}

在 Animal(int,String) 中，种类变更为了传递过来的 Human ，输出 Human usually have 2 legs,eat meat

	public   Animal(int a,String b){		
		this(a);
		type="Tiger";
		eat=b;
		foots=a;
		System.out.println(type + " usually have " + foots + " legs,eat " + eat );
	}

在 Animal(int,String,String) 中，食物变更为了传递过来的 meat and vegetables ，输出 Human usually have 2 legs,eat meat and vegetables

	public   Animal(int a,String b,String c){		
		this(a,b);
		type=c;
		eat=b;
		foots=a;
		System.out.println(type + " usually have " + foots + " legs,eat " + eat );
	}