Filter的FilterChain执行顺序

当使用多个Filter时，这些Filter将形成一个Filter链，web服务器在实例化Filter对象时，会将此Filter链传递给doFilter的FilterChain参数。当一个Filter执行doFilter方法时，在此方法中执行FilterChain参数的doFilter方法，将会执行下一个Filter(Filter链下一个还是Filter时)或者访问WEB资源(Filter链中没有Filter了),如图所示:

下面是在web.xml中配置多个Filter,通过程序来演示各个Filter的其执行先后顺序。

<filter>	
  	<filter-name>FilterUtils</filter-name>
  	<filter-class>cn.itcast.utils.FilterUtils</filter-class>
  	
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
  	<filter-name>FilterUtils</filter-name>
  	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  	<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  <filter>	
  	<filter-name>EncodeFilter</filter-name>
  	<filter-class>cn.itcast.utils.EncodeFilter</filter-class>
  	<init-param>
  		<param-name>encoding</param-name>
  		<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  	</init-param>
  	
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
  	<filter-name>EncodeFilter</filter-name>
  	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  	<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  <filter>	
  	<filter-name>FilterJsp</filter-name>
  	<filter-class>cn.itcast.utils.FilterJsp</filter-class>
  	
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
  	<filter-name>FilterJsp</filter-name>
  	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  	<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
  </filter-mapping>

三个Filter

public class FilterUtils implements Filter {
 
	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("FilterUtils destory....");
	}
 
	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp,
			FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		
		System.out.println("FilterUtils start....");
		chain.doFilter(req, resp);
		System.out.println("FilterUtils end....");
	}
 
	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
		System.out.println("FilterUtils init....");
	}
 
}


public class EncodeFilter implements Filter {
	private String encode;
	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("EncodeFilter destroy....");
	}
 
	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp,
			FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//		req.setCharacterEncoding(encode);
//		resp.setCharacterEncoding(encode);
//		resp.setContentType("text/html;charset="+encode+"");
//		chain.doFilter(req, resp);
		
		System.out.println("EncodeFilter start....");
		chain.doFilter(req, resp);
		System.out.println("EncodeFilter end....");
	}
 
	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
	//	encode = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
		System.out.println("EncodeFilter init....");
	}
 
}


public class FilterJsp implements Filter {
 
	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("FilterJSP destory....");
	}
 
	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp,
			FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//		System.out.println("do Filter....");
//		req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
//		resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
//		resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
//		chain.doFilter(req, resp);
		
		System.out.println("FilterJsp start....");
		chain.doFilter(req, resp);
		System.out.println("FilterJsp end....");
	}
 
	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//		System.out.println("init....");
//		System.out.println("Filter Name is:"+config.getFilterName());
//		Enumeration enumation = config.getInitParameterNames();
//		String name;
//		while(enumation.hasMoreElements()){
//			name = (String) enumation.nextElement();
//			System.out.println("name is:"+name);
//			System.out.println("value is:"+config.getInitParameter(name));
//		}
		
		System.out.println("FilterJsp init....");
	}
 
}

//初始化结果:

FilterUtils init…
EncodeFilter init…
FilterJsp init…

//访问WEB资源时的结果

FilterUtils start…
EncodeFilter start…
FilterJsp start…
你好中国
FilterJsp end…
EncodeFilter end…
FilterUtils end…

//web服务器关闭时结果:

FilterUtils destory…
EncodeFilter destroy…
FilterJSP destory…