使用Hibernate实现简单查询

Hibernate简单查询实现流程

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1.配置环境

首先，导入依赖包，并且写好Hibernate配置文件hibernate.hbm.xml，以及对象映射配置文件User.hbm.xml。

hibernate.hbm.xml:

<!--
  ~ Hibernate, Relational Persistence for Idiomatic Java
  ~
  ~ License: GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), version 2.1 or later.
  ~ See the lgpl.txt file in the root directory or <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.html>.
  -->
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
		<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL57Dialect</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.password">643383shallwe</property>
		<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
		<mapping resource="User.hbm.xml"/>
		<mapping resource="Group.hbm.xml"/>
		<mapping resource="IdCard.hbm.xml"/>
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

<!--		#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect-->
<!--		#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect-->
<!--		#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLMyISAMDialect-->
<!--		#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.mysql.jdbc.Driver-->
<!--		#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:mysql:///test-->
<!--		#hibernate.connection.username gavin-->
<!--		#hibernate.connection.password-->

User.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!--
  ~ Hibernate, Relational Persistence for Idiomatic Java
  ~
  ~ License: GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), version 2.1 or later.
  ~ See the lgpl.txt file in the root directory or <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.html>.
  -->
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.sw.bean.User" table="t_user" select-before-update="true">
        <id name="id" type="int" column="id">
            <generator class="identity"/>
        </id>
        <property name="username" length="10"/>
        <property name="password" length="10"/>
        <property name="sex"/>
        <property name="age"/>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

2.编写测试代码

这里使用Junit进行测试，编写mainTest方法，并在其中使用Hibernate实现简单查询。查询可以按照以下步骤进行：
（1）调用Configuration类的configure方法，使配置文件生效。

Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure();

（2）调用Configuration的buildSessionFactory方法，来创建一个session工厂。

SessionFactory sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();

（3）通过session工厂来获取一个session。session即可以对数据库进行CURD操作。

Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();

(4)开始事务

Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();

(5)使用session对数据库中user进行查询。这里使用HQL方式进行查询。

Query query = session.createQuery("from User");

(6)打印结果。结果出Query中的结果。调用Query的list()方法得到list，然后遍历list进行打印。

List<User> list = query.list();
list.forEach(System.out::println);

(7)提交事务。

transaction.commit();

(7)结果如下。可以看到数据库中的user数据被全部输出了。

代码

User.java

package com.sw.bean;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * Created by shaowei on 2021/5/10.
 */
public class User implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String sex;
    private Integer age;
    private Group group;
    private IdCard idCard;

    public User(){}

    public User(String o1, String o2){
        this.username = (String)o1;
        this.password = (String)o2;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", group=" + group +
                ", idCard=" + idCard +
                '}';
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Group getGroup() {
        return group;
    }

    public void setGroup(Group group) {
        this.group = group;
    }

    public IdCard getIdCard() {
        return idCard;
    }

    public void setIdCard(IdCard idCard) {
        this.idCard = idCard;
    }
}

MainTest.java

import com.sw.bean.User;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.query.Query;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by shaowei on 2021/6/10.
 */
public class MainTest {
    @Test
    public void mainTest(){

        try{
            Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure();
            SessionFactory sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
            Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
            Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();

            Query query = session.createQuery("from User");
            List<User> list = query.list();
            list.forEach(System.out::println);

            transaction.commit();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}