【SpringMVC学习笔记（六）！！重要内容！！】基于SpringMVC的文件的上传-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43097201/article/details/104765814

首先一定要在pom.xml文件中导入两个坐标依赖，主要是用于文件上传所用的：

    <!-- 文件上传需要导入的坐标依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
      <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>

其次我们要配置文件SpringMVC.xml中配置上传的文件解析器：

    <!-- 配置文件解析器 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!-- 上传文件大小10M = 10 * 1024 * 1024 -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"></property>
    </bean>

在前端的form表单提交当中，一定要有 enctype = "multipart/form-data"，并且为post请求

    <%-- 传统文件上传 --%>
    <h3>传统方式</h3>
    <form action="file/fileUpload1" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload">
        </br>
        <input type="submit" value="上传">
    </form>


    <h3>SpringMVC方式</h3>
    <form action="file/fileUpload2" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload">
        </br>
        <input type="submit" value="上传">
    </form>

!!!传统的文件上传方式 controller层代码!!!

/**
     * 第一个文件上传（传统的文件上传方式）
     *
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/fileUpload1")
    public String fileUpload1(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{

        //使用fileupload组件完成文件上传
        //上传的位置要指定
        String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploads/");

        //判断该路径是否存在
        File file = new File(path);
        if (!file.exists()) {

            //如果这个文件夹不存在的话,就创建这个文件
            file.mkdirs();

        }

        //解析request对象,从而获取上传文件项
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);

        //解析request
        List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request);

        //遍历
        for (FileItem item : items) {

            //进行判断，当前Item对象是否为普通表单项
            if (item.isFormField()) {

                //说明是true，则为普通表单项

            } else {

                //如果为false，说明是文件上传项
                //获取上传文件名称
                String filename = item.getName();

                //把文件名称设置成唯一值 uuid 以防止文件名相同覆盖
                String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-","");
                //新文件名
                filename = uuid + "_" + filename;

                //完成文件上传
                item.write(new File(path,filename));
                System.out.println(path + filename);
                //删除临时文件
                item.delete();

            }
        }
        return "success";
    }

!!!基于SpringMVC的文件上传方式的controller层代码!!!

/**
     * SpingMVC的方式上传
     *
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/fileUpload2")
    //这里要记得使用MultipartFile获取前端传过来的input文件框（type=file），参数名就是name
    public String fileUpload2(HttpServletRequest request, MultipartFile upload) throws Exception{

        //使用fileupload组件完成文件上传
        //上传的位置要指定
        String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploads/");

        //判断该路径是否存在
        File file = new File(path);
        if (!file.exists()) {

            //如果这个文件夹不存在的话,就创建这个文件
            file.mkdirs();
        }

        //获取上传文件名称
        String filename = upload.getOriginalFilename();

        //把文件名称设置成唯一值 uuid 以防止文件名相同覆盖
        String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-","");
        //新文件名
        filename = uuid + "_" + filename;

        //完成文件上传
        upload.transferTo(new File(path,filename));

        return "success";
    }

--------------------------------------------------------------------

接下来提供配置环境：

这里提供这个案例中的整个pom.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.ysw</groupId>
  <artifactId>day03_SpringMvcFileUpload</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>day03_SpringMvcFileUpload Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <!-- 版本锁定 -->
    <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>

    <!--导入Spring坐标依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 导入SpringMVC坐标依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 导入servlet的坐标依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 导入jsp的坐标依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 单元测试的坐标依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 文件上传需要导入的坐标依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
      <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 跨服务器文件上传的坐标依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
      <artifactId>jersey-core</artifactId>
      <version>1.18.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
      <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
      <version>1.18.1</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>day03_SpringMvcFileUpload</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

提供整个web.xml文件：

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
        "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
        "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!--配置前端控制器-->
  <servlet>

    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:SpringMvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>

    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <!--配置解决中文乱码的过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

提供整个SpringMVC.xml配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 开启注解的扫描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ysw.controller"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置试图解析器,用于controller成功之后返回的时候跳转用的 -->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 配置这个的目的是成功之后跳转到 /WEB-INF/pages/目录下的文件/WEB-INF/pages/ -->
        <!-- 这种是默认跳转到webapp路径下的 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
        <!-- 文件后缀名 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--
        前端控制器，哪些静态资源不拦截
        这里的意思是在/js、css、images目录下所有的文件都不会进行拦截
     -->
    <!--前端控制器，哪些静态资源不拦截-->
    <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/>
    <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/>
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>

    <!-- 配置文件解析器 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!-- 上传文件大小10M = 10 * 1024 * 1024 -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 开启SpringMvc框架对注解的支持 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

</beans>