java使用poi操作word，包含表格中内容，通过模板替换动态数据

引入资源库

    implementation 'org.apache.poi:poi:4.1.2'
    implementation 'org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml:4.1.2'
    implementation 'org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml-schemas:4.1.2'

    public void test(HttpServletResponse response){
        try {
            //定义一个Entity放要输出的数据
            EditWordEntity report = new EditWordEntity();
            report.setMonth("April");
            report.setCode("202102");
            report.setTestDate("2020-04-01 to 2020-04-31");
            report.setAAAAA("aaaaaaa");
            report.setBBBBB("bbbbbbb");

            Map<String, String> replaceMap = new HashMap<>();

            replaceMap.put("month", report.getMonth());
            replaceMap.put("code", report.getCode());
            replaceMap.put("testDate", report.getTestDate());
            replaceMap.put("AAAAA", report.getAAAAA());
            replaceMap.put("BBBBB", report.getBBBBB());

            PoiEditWord poiEditWord = new PoiEditWord();
            poiEditWord.downloadReportFile("test poi.docx", replaceMap, response);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

public class PoiEditWord {

    public void downloadReportFile(String fileName, Map<String, String> replaceMap, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        InputStream in = null;
        XWPFDocument document = null;
        response.reset();
        response.setContentType("application/x-msdownload");
        ByteArrayOutputStream ostream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        OutputStream os = null;
        try {
            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
            //找到项目中模板文件的位置
            in = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("test poi.docx");
            //获取docx解析对象
            document = new XWPFDocument(in);
            WordUtil.changeText(document, replaceMap);
            os = response.getOutputStream();
            document.write(os);
            os.write(ostream.toByteArray());os.close();ostream.close();
        } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
        finally {
            try {
                if (in != null) { in.close(); }
                if (document != null) { document.close(); }
                if (os != null) { os.close(); }
                if (ostream != null) { ostream.close(); }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

//工具类
public class WordUtil {
    /**
     * 遍历文本
     *
     * @param document docx解析对象
     */
    public static void traverse(XWPFDocument document) {
        //获取文档中各段落集合
        List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphs = document.getParagraphs();
        //遍历各段落
        for (XWPFParagraph paragraph : paragraphs) {
            //判断此段落时候需要进行替换
            String text = paragraph.getText();
            List<XWPFRun> runs = paragraph.getRuns();
            for (XWPFRun run : runs) {
                // TODO 处理文本

            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 替换段落文本
     *
     * @param document docx解析对象
     * @param textMap  需要替换的信息集合
     */
    public static void changeText(XWPFDocument document, Map<String, String> textMap) {
        //获取段落集合
        List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphs = document.getParagraphs();
        for (XWPFParagraph paragraph : paragraphs) {
            //获取到段落中的所有文本内容
            String text = paragraph.getText();
            //判断此段落中是否有需要进行替换的文本
            if (checkText(text)) {
                List<XWPFRun> runs = paragraph.getRuns();
                for (XWPFRun run : runs) {
                    //替换模板原来位置
                    run.setText(changeValue(run.toString(), textMap), 0);
                }
            }
        }
        replaceTableValue(document, textMap);
    }

    public static void replaceTableValue(XWPFDocument document, Map<String, String> textMap){
        Iterator<XWPFTable> it = document.getTablesIterator();
        //表格内容替换添加
        while(it.hasNext()){
            XWPFTable table = it.next();
            int rcount = table.getNumberOfRows();
            for(int i =0 ;i < rcount;i++){
                XWPFTableRow row = table.getRow(i);
                List<XWPFTableCell> cells =  row.getTableCells();
                for (XWPFTableCell cell : cells){
                    for(Map.Entry<String, String> e : textMap.entrySet()){
                        if(checkText(cell.getText())){
                            List<XWPFParagraph> tableParagraphsList = cell.getParagraphs();
                            for (XWPFParagraph paragraph : tableParagraphsList) {
                                String text = paragraph.getText(); //获取到段落中的所有文本内容
                                if (checkText(text)) { //判断此段落中是否有需要进行替换的文本
                                    List<XWPFRun> runs = paragraph.getRuns();
                                    for (XWPFRun run : runs) {
                                        run.setText(changeValue(run.toString(), textMap), 0);//替换模板原来位置
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    /**
     * 判断文本中是否包含$
     *
     * @param text 文本
     * @return 包含返回true, 不包含返回false
     */
    public static boolean checkText(String text) {
        boolean check = false;
        if (text.contains("$")) {
            check = true;
        }
        return check;
    }

    /**
     * 匹配传入信息集合与模板
     *
     * @param value   模板需要替换的区域
     * @param textMap 传入信息集合
     * @return 模板需要替换区域信息集合对应值
     */
    public static String changeValue(String value, Map<String, String> textMap) {
        Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> textSets = textMap.entrySet();
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> textSet : textSets) {
            //匹配模板与替换值 格式${key}
            String key = "${" + textSet.getKey() + "}";
            if (value.contains(key)) {
                value = textSet.getValue();
            }
        }
        //模板未匹配到区域替换为空
        if (checkText(value)) {
            value = "";
        }
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * 为表格插入数据，行数不够添加新行
     *
     * @param table     需要插入数据的表格
     * @param tableList 插入数据集合
     */
    public static void insertTable(XWPFTable table, List<String[]> tableList) {
        //创建行,根据需要插入的数据添加新行，不处理表头
        for (int i = 1; i < tableList.size(); i++) {
            table.createRow();
        }
        //遍历表格插入数据
        List<XWPFTableRow> rows = table.getRows();
        for (int i = 1; i < rows.size(); i++) {
            XWPFTableRow newRow = table.getRow(i);
            List<XWPFTableCell> cells = newRow.getTableCells();
            for (int j = 0; j < cells.size(); j++) {
                XWPFTableCell cell = cells.get(j);
                cell.setText(tableList.get(i - 1)[j]);
            }
        }
    }

    // 给生成的表格设置样式
    public static void setCellWitchAndAlign(XWPFTableCell cell, String width, STVerticalJc.Enum typeEnum, STJc.Enum align){
        CTTc cttc = cell.getCTTc();
        CTTcPr ctPr = cttc.addNewTcPr();
        ctPr.addNewVAlign().setVal(typeEnum);
        cttc.getPList().get(0).addNewPPr().addNewJc().setVal(align);
        CTTblWidth ctTblWidth = (ctPr != null && ctPr.isSetTcW() && ctPr.getTcW()!=null &&ctPr.getTcW().getW()!=null) ? ctPr.getTcW(): ctPr.addNewTcW();
        if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(width)){
            ctTblWidth.setW(new BigInteger(width));
            ctTblWidth.setType(STTblWidth.DXA);

        }
    }
}

最终下载文件效果如图：

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/bb1008/p/10605943.html