python 集合

与数学上的集合一致，不允许有重复元素，可以进行交并集运算

相关代码

# 创建集合的字面量语法
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 2}
print(set1)
print('Length =', len(set1))
# 创建集合的构造器语法
set2 = set(range(1, 10))
# 判断一个集合是否包含另一个集合
print(set1.issubset(set2))
set3 = set1
print(set2)
print(set3)
# 创建集合的推导式语法(推导式也可以用于推导集合)
set4 = {num for num in range(1, 100) if num % 3 == 0 or num % 5 == 0}
print(set4)
# 添加元素
set1.add(4)
set1.add(5)
set1.add(13)
set2.update([11, 12])
# 删除元素
set2.discard(5)
if 4 in set2:
    set2.remove(4)
print(set1)
print(set2)
print(set3.pop())
print(set3)
# 集合的交集、并集、差集、对称差运算
# 与运算
print("set1 & set2 =", set1 & set2)
# print(set1.intersection(set2))

# 交运算
print("set1 | set2 =", set1 | set2)
# print(set1.union(set2))

# 1比2多了啥
print("set1 - set2 =", set1 - set2)
# print(set1.difference(set2))

# 1和2中的不同元素
print("set1 ^ set2 =", set1 ^ set2)
# print(set1.symmetric_difference(set2))

# 判断子集和超集
print(set2 <= set1)
# print(set2.issubset(set1))
print(set3 <= set1)
# print(set3.issubset(set1))
print(set1 >= set2)
# print(set1.issuperset(set2))
print(set1 >= set3)
# print(set1.issuperset(set3))

运行结果

{1, 2, 3}
Length = 3
True
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
{1, 2, 3}
{3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25, 27, 30, 33, 35, 36, 39, 40, 42, 45, 48, 50, 51, 54, 55, 57, 60, 63, 65, 66, 69, 70, 72, 75, 78, 80, 81, 84, 85, 87, 90, 93, 95, 96, 99}
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 13}
{1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12}
1
{2, 3, 4, 5, 13}
set1 & set2 = {2, 3}
set1 | set2 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13}
set1 - set2 = {13, 4, 5}
set1 ^ set2 = {1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13}
False
True
False
True