Spring注解

我们先定义一个老虎类

package pojo;

public class Tiger {

    private String tigerName="TigerKing";

    public String toString(){
        return "TigerName:"+tigerName;
    }
}

在定义一个猴子类

package pojo;

public class Monkey {

    private String monkeyName = "MonkeyKing";

    public String toString(){
        return "MonkeyName:" + monkeyName;
    }

}

最后定义一个动物园类

package pojo;


public class Zoo {

    private Tiger tiger;

    private Monkey monkey;

    public Tiger getTiger() {
        return tiger;
    }
    public void setTiger(Tiger tiger) {
        this.tiger = tiger;
    }
    public Monkey getMonkey() {
        return monkey;
    }
    public void setMonkey(Monkey monkey) {
        this.monkey = monkey;
    }

    public String toString(){
        return tiger + "\n" + monkey;
    }

}

此时xml文件里是这样子写的

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


    <bean id="zoo" class="pojo.Zoo" >
        <property name="tiger" ref="tiger" />
        <property name="monkey" ref="monkey" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="tiger" class="pojo.Tiger" />
    <bean id="monkey" class="pojo.Monkey" />
</beans>

1、@Autowired
@Autowired顾名思义，就是自动装配，其作用是为了消除代码Java代码里面的getter/setter与bean属性中的property。当然，getter看个人需求，如果私有属性需要对外提供的话，应当予以保留。

@Autowired默认按类型匹配的方式，在容器查找匹配的Bean，当有且仅有一个匹配的Bean时，Spring将其注入@Autowired标注的变量中。

动物园类变成这样

package pojo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class Zoo {
    @Autowired
    private Tiger tiger;
    @Autowired
    private Monkey monkey;

    public Tiger getTiger() {
        return tiger;
    }
    public void setTiger(Tiger tiger) {
        this.tiger = tiger;
    }
    public Monkey getMonkey() {
        return monkey;
    }
    public void setMonkey(Monkey monkey) {
        this.monkey = monkey;
    }

    public String toString(){
        return tiger + "\n" + monkey;
    }

}

xml文件变成这样

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="pojo" />   //这句告诉要去扫描pojo包底下的注解

    <bean id="zoo" class="pojo.Zoo" />
    <bean id="tiger" class="pojo.Tiger" />
    <bean id="monkey" class="pojo.Monkey" />
</beans>

这样子就消除了bean属性中的property，简化了流程