文件上传

所需的依赖

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

后端的servlet代码

@WebServlet("/upload.do")
public class UploadFileServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 判断请求中是普通表单还是带文件的表单
        if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)) {
            return; //普通表单直接返回
        }
        // 创建上传文件的保存路径建议在 web-inf路径下，安全，用户无法直接访问上传文件
        String uploadPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
        File uploadDir = new File(uploadPath);
        // 如果此文件夹不存在就创建
        if (!uploadDir.exists()) {
            uploadDir.mkdir();
        }
        //缓存临时文件
        // 如果文件超过预期大小，把文件设置为一个临时文件，过几天就自动删除
        String tempPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/temp");
        File tempDir = new File(tempPath);
        // 如果此文件夹不存在就创建
        if (!tempDir.exists()) {
            tempDir.mkdir();
        }
        
        String msg =null;
        try {
            //使用 apache common-fileupload.jar 进行处理上传文件的流
            // 处理文件上传流需要使用servletFileUpload，使用servletFileUpload需要先构造DiskFileItemFactory
            DiskFileItemFactory factory = getDiskFileItemFactory(tempDir);
            ServletFileUpload upload = getServletFileUpload(factory);
           //  处理上传文件
           msg = uploadParseRequest(req, uploadDir, upload);
        } catch (FileUploadException e) {
            msg="上传失败!";
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        req.setAttribute("msg",msg);
        req.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(req,resp);
    }
    
    private String uploadParseRequest(HttpServletRequest req, File uploadDir, ServletFileUpload upload) throws IOException, FileUploadException {
        String msg = null;
        // 处理上传文件
        //servletFileUpload 把表单中的每一个input标签数据进行封装
        // 从请求中解析成一个个FileItem
        List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req);
        for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
            //   判断每一个input是否是普通的input的还是带文件的input
            if (fileItem.isFormField()) {
                String name = fileItem.getFieldName();
                String value = fileItem.getString("utf-8");
                System.out.println(name + ":" + value);
            } else { //带文件的input
                // ========================处理文件=============================
                
                //获取文件名
                String uploadFileName = fileItem.getName();
                System.out.println("文件名:"+uploadFileName);
                // 检查文件
                if ("".equals(uploadFileName.trim()) || uploadFileName == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                // 从全路径的文件名中获取真正的文件名
                String fileName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
                // 获取文件后缀 可以限制上传的文件类型
                String fileExtName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
                System.out.println("文件类型："+fileExtName);
                if (!"jpg".equals(fileExtName))
                    return msg = "文件类型不符!";
                //=========================== 存放文件============================
                
                // 使用uuid作为文件唯一文件目录 区别每一个上传文件的唯一性 防止多人上传相同文件不成功问题
                String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
                // 文件真实存放路径
                String realPath = uploadDir + "/" + uuid;
                File realPathDir = new File(realPath);
                if (!realPathDir.exists())
                    realPathDir.mkdir();
                //=========================== 文件传输============================
                InputStream input = fileItem.getInputStream();
                FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(realPathDir + "/" + fileName);
                byte[] buff = new byte[1024];
                int len = 0;
                while ((len = input.read(buff)) > 0) {
                    out.write(buff, 0, len);
                    out.flush();
                }
                input.close();
                out.close();
                // 删除临时文件
                fileItem.delete();
                msg = "成功上传！";
            }
        }
        return msg;
    }
    
    private ServletFileUpload getServletFileUpload(DiskFileItemFactory factory) {
        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
        // 监听文件的上传进度
        upload.setProgressListener(
                /***
                 * @Description
                 * 获取正在上传文件的进度监听器
                 * @Date 2021/1/17 16:19
                 * @param pBytesRead 正在读取
                 * @param pContentLength 总文件大小
                 * @param pItems 读取第几个文件
                 * @return void
                 */
                (long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) -> {
                    double v = (pBytesRead * 1.00 / pContentLength) * 100;
                    System.out.println("上传进度："+String.format("%.2f", v)+"% "+"总大小：" + pContentLength + "已上传：" + pBytesRead + "正在读取第" + pItems + "个文件");
                });
        upload.setHeaderEncoding("utf-8");
        //单个文件限制大小 10M
        upload.setFileSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 10);
        //总共能够上传的文件大小
        upload.setSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 10);
        return upload;
    }
    
    private DiskFileItemFactory getDiskFileItemFactory(File tempDir) {
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
        //通过工厂设置一个缓冲区当上传的文件大小超过设置的值，就存放到临时文件目录中
        factory.setSizeThreshold(1024 * 1024);
        // 临时文件存储目录
        factory.setRepository(tempDir);
        return factory;
    }
}

前端代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
        <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form action="upload.do" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
         <p>上传用户<input type="text" name="user"></p>
        <p><input type="file" name="file"></p>
        <input type="submit"> | <input type="reset">
        </form>
        </body>
</html>    

上传的文件是存放在项目war包下的web-inf中的