deque模块(内置list结构的加强版)是python标准库collections中的一项,它提供了两端都可进行添加/删除操作的序列。
- 创建deque序列:
from collections import deque
d=deque()
- append:
from collections import deque
d = deque()
d.append(3)
print(d) # deque([3])
d.appendleft(8)
print(d) # deque([8, 3])
d.append(1)
print(d) # deque([8, 3, 1])
- pop:
from collections import deque
d = deque([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print(d.pop()) # 5
print(d.pop()) # 4
print(d.popleft()) # 1
- 限制deque的长度
from collections import deque
d=deque(maxlen=20)
for i in range(30):
d.append(str(i))
print(d) # deque(['10', '11', '12', '13', '14', '15',
# '16', '17', '18', '19', '20', '21',
# '22', '23', '24', '25', '26', '27',
# '28', '29'], maxlen=20)
- extend:与append功能相似,但extend可一次添加一个或多个元素。
from collections import deque
d = deque([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
d.extend([0])
print(d) # deque([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0])
d.extendleft([6, 7, 8])
print(d) # deque([8, 7, 6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0])
- rotate
from collections import deque
d = deque(range(10))
print(d) # deque([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
d.rotate(2)
print(d) # deque([8, 9, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
d = deque(range(10))
d.rotate(-2)
print(d) # deque([2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, 1])
import sys
import time
from collections import deque
"""
使用deque.rotate实现跑马灯动画
"""
arr = deque('>--------------------')
while True:
print('%s' % ''.join(arr))
arr.rotate(1)
sys.stdout.flush()
time.sleep(0.08)
'''
>--------------------
->-------------------
-->------------------
--->-----------------
---->----------------
----->---------------
------>--------------
------->-------------
-------->------------
'''