ThreadLocal 【JDK1.8】

ThreadLocal 【JDK1.8】

public class TestThreadLocal extends Thread{

//1.在线程的run方法外 new ThreadLocal对象
    ThreadLocal<ThreadLocal> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal();

    @Override
    public void run(){

        if ("Thread-1".equals(Thread.currentThread().getName()))
        {
            //如果是线程1,就等待100ms完成,再执行.保证先执行0,再执行1
            try {
                sleep(100);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
       System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"  前  "+threadLocal.get());
        threadLocal.set(threadLocal);
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"  后  "+threadLocal.get());

    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TestThreadLocal t1 = new TestThreadLocal();
        TestThreadLocal t2 = new TestThreadLocal();

        t1.start();
        t2.start();

        try {
            sleep(200);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


    }
}

执行结果

Thread-0  前  null
Thread-0  后  java.lang.ThreadLocal@3554f93f
Thread-1  前  null
Thread-1  后  java.lang.ThreadLocal@b8bf527

简单分析：

Thread-0先执行，往ThreadLoacl里存入对象，但当Thread-1去存之前去拿时，还是空。验证了ThradLocal线程安全，隔离。

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ThreadLocal的set 和 get 方法

set方法

• threadLocal.set(threadLocal);

//ThreadLocal.set(T value)
public void set(T value) {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t); //getMap(t)方法
        if (map != null) {
            map.set(this, value);   //正常map的set方法，键为当前threadLocal对象
        } else {
            createMap(t, value);	//2.1 节  createMap
        }
    }

先获取当前线程，然后获取ThreadLocalMap对象，将值set入map中，map的**key为ThreadLocal对象，value为传入的值**。

• getMap(t)

  ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);

//ThreadLocal.getMap(Thread t)
ThreadLocalMap getMap(Thread t) {
        return t.threadLocals;
    }

返回当前线程的threadLocals对象。

// Thread类中threadLocals对象
ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals = null;

• createMap(t, value);

//ThreadLocal.createMap(Thread t, T firstValue)
void createMap(Thread t, T firstValue) {
        t.threadLocals = new ThreadLocalMap(this, firstValue);
    }

createMap方法即创建ThreadLocalMap对象，并存入值。

• ThreadLocalMap是ThreadLocal的 静态内部类

//ThreadLocal里的静态内部类ThreadLocalMap
static class ThreadLocalMap {
   	/**
        * The initial capacity -- MUST be a power of two.
        */
       private static final int INITIAL_CAPACITY = 16;

       /**
        * The table, resized as necessary.
        * table.length MUST always be a power of two.
        */
       private Entry[] table;

       /**
        * The number of entries in the table.
        */
       private int size = 0;

       /**
        * The next size value at which to resize.
        */
       private int threshold; // Default to 0

    static class Entry extends WeakReference<ThreadLocal<?>> {
               /** The value associated with this ThreadLocal. */
               Object value;
               Entry(ThreadLocal<?> k, Object v) {
                   super(k);
                   value = v;
               }
    }

    private void set(ThreadLocal<?> key, Object value) {...}

    private Entry getEntry(ThreadLocal<?> key) {
               int i = key.threadLocalHashCode & (table.length - 1);
               Entry e = table[i];
               if (e != null && e.get() == key)
                   return e;
               else
                   return getEntryAfterMiss(key, i, e);
    }    
   
   
}

get方法

• threadLocal.get();

public T get() {
    Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
    ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);  //2.2节 getMap
    if (map != null) {
        ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this);
        if (e != null) {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            T result = (T)e.value;
            return result;
        }
    }
    return setInitialValue();
}

• map.getEntry(this);

 private Entry getEntry(ThreadLocal<?> key) {
                int i = key.threadLocalHashCode & (table.length - 1);
                Entry e = table[i];
                if (e != null && e.get() == key)
                    return e;
                else
                    return getEntryAfterMiss(key, i, e);
     }    

总结

每个Thread中都具备一个ThreadLocalMap，每个ThreadLocalMap可以存储多个【key=ThreadLocal，value=自设置】的map键值对。

调用threadlocal.set()方法，即是传入当前threadlocal对象去当前thread类中去找map【thread类中的threadlocalmap引用】，找到map后将其键值对存入map【key=threadlocal对象，value=set方法参数】。

调用threadlocal.get()方法，即是传入当前threadlocal对象去当前thread类中去找map拿值。该map中可以还储存其他key=threadlocal2 的键值对。

ThreadLocal本身并不存储值，它只是在线程的ThreadLocalMap变量中作为一个key来让线程从ThreadLocalMap获取value，每个value都是与ThreadLocal对象关联在一起的。

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中途发现了一个好玩的事情，关于join()方法

t.join() 的作用是 谁执行t.join()方法就等待t执行完毕(t是一个线程实体)

如果是 Thread.currentThread().join(); 呢？

结果是：线程一直在阻塞，无法终止。自己等待自己结束，这也是个坑呀。