安卓——广播机制

标准广播	有序广播
异步执行，同步接收无法被截断	同步执行，中途可以被优先级高的广播截断

接收系统广播

1.动态注册

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private IntentFilter intentFilter;
    private NetworkChangeReceiver networkChangeReceiver;
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        intentFilter=new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction("android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE");
        //intentFilter.addAction，想要监听什么广播，就在这里添加相应的action。
        networkChangeReceiver=new NetworkChangeReceiver();
        registerReceiver(networkChangeReceiver,intentFilter);
        //创建一个NetworkChangeReceiver并注册，会收到所有值为android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE的广播
    }
    class LocalReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"received local broadcast",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unregisterReceiver(networkChangeReceiver);//取消广播接收器的注册
            }
    class NetworkChangeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            ConnectivityManager connectivityManager=(ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
            //ConnectivityManager用于管理网络连接
            //getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE)获得实例
            NetworkInfo networkInfo=connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
            //获取网络信息
            if(networkInfo!=null&&networkInfo.isAvailable()) {
                Toast.makeText(context, "network is availiable", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else {
                Toast.makeText(context, "network is unavailable", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()}          
        }
        }
        然后在AndroidMainfest.xml中获取权限
        <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.broadcasttest">
....
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    ...

2.静态注册实现开机启动
新建一个Broadcast Receiver工具，会自动进行权限管理注册

<receiver
            android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

android:name标签指定接收器名称。
action android:name=“com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST”，系统开机后要发出一条广播，指定action名称，让接收器可以接收到。
3.使用intent发送标准广播

 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button button=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent=new Intent("com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST");
                sendBroadcast(intent);

4.发送有序广播

public class AnotherBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
	public voie onReceive(Context context,Intent intent){
		Toast.makeText(...).show();
	然后在AndroidMainfest.xml中添加接收器
	<receiver
            android:name=".AnotherBroadcastReceiver"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
        在第一个Broadcast的oncreate中添加：
        sendOrderBroadcast(intent,null);
        可以使用android:priority属性给广播添加优先级.