difflib模块进行文件之间的对比以及mydiff命令的实现

1. 什么是difflib? 用来做什么?
   difflib为python的标准库模块，无需安装。作用时对比文本之间的差异。
   并且支持输出可读性比较强的HTML文档，与LInux下的diff 命令相似。
   在版本控制方面非常有用。

2. 符号理解

符号 含义
‘-’ 包含在第一个系列行中，但不包含第二个。
‘+’ 包含在第二个系列行中，但不包含第一个。
’ ’ 两个系列行一致
‘?’ 存在增量差异
‘^’ 存在差异字符

import difflib
text1 = '''  1. Beautiful is better than ugly.
       2. Explicit is better than implicit.
       3. Simple is better than complex.
       4. Complex is better than complicated.
     '''.splitlines(keepends=True)

text2 = '''  1. Beautiful is better than ugly.
       3.   Simple is better than complex.
       4. Complicated is better than complex.
       5. Flat is better than nested.
     '''.splitlines(keepends=True)

# 实现linux里面的diff命令的功能;
# d = difflib.Differ()
# print("".join(list(d.compare(text1, text2))))
d = difflib.HtmlDiff()
htmlContent = d.make_file(text1, text2)

with open('doc/diff.html', 'w') as f:
    f.write(htmlContent)

注：可以使用浏览器更加清晰的进行比较
两个文件之间进行的比较

import difflib

filename1 = '/etc/passwd'
filename2 = '/tmp/passwd'

with open(filename1) as f1, open(filename2) as f2:
    content1 = f1.read().splitlines(keepends=True)
    content2 = f2.read().splitlines(keepends=True)


d = difflib.HtmlDiff()
htmlContent = d.make_file(content1, content2)

with open('doc/passwdDiff.html', 'w') as f:
    f.write(htmlContent)



import difflib
import sys

if len(sys.argv) != 3:
    print("""
      Usage: %s   比较的文件1  比较的文件2  [>导出的文件路径 ]     
    """ %(sys.argv[0]))
else:
    filename1 = sys.argv[1]
    filename2 = sys.argv[2]
    try:
        with open(filename1) as f1, open(filename2) as f2:
            content1 = f1.read().splitlines(keepends=True)
            content2 = f2.read().splitlines(keepends=True)
    except Exception as e:
        print("比较错误， 错误原因: ", e)
    else:
        d = difflib.HtmlDiff()
        htmlContent = d.make_file(content1, content2)
        print(htmlContent)