迭代器(iterator)模式（java）

迭代器(iterator)模式

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该模式用于在数据集合中按照顺序遍历集合

迭代器模式下的四个部分

• Iterator（迭代器）——负责定义按顺序逐个遍历元素的接口
• ConcrereIterator（具体的迭代器）——负责实现Iterator的接口
• Aggregate（集合）——定义创建Iterator角色的接口
• ConcreteAggregate（具体的集合）——负责实现Aggregate接口定义的接口

菜鸟教程上的示例图

示例代码

Aggregate

//集合接口
public interface Aggregate {
    Iterator iterator();
}

Iterator

//迭代器接口
public interface Iterator {
    boolean hasNext();
    Object next();
}

Book

public class Book {
    private String name;
    public Book(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
}

BookShelf（ConcreteAggregate）

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

//详细集合类
public class BookShelf implements Aggregate{
    private List<Book> books;

    public Bookshelf() {
        this.books = new ArrayList<Book>();
    }

    public Book getBookAt(int index) {
        return books.get(index);
    }

    public void appendBook(Book book) {
        this.books.add(book);
    }

    public int getLength(){
        return this.books.size();
    }
    @Override
    public Iterator iterator() {
        return new BookShelfIterator(this);
    }

}

BookShelfIterator（ConcreteIterator）

public class BookShelfIterator implements Iterator{
    private BookShelf bookshelf;
    private int index;
    public BookShelfIterator(Bookshelf bookshelf){
        this.bookshelf = bookshelf;
        this.index = 0;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean hasNext(){
        return index < this.bookshelf.getLength();
    }

    @Override
    public Object next(){
        Book book = this.bookshelf.getBookAt(index);
        index++;
        return  book;
    }
}

Main

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
            Bookshelf bookshelf = new Bookshelf();
            bookshelf.appendBook(new Book("没伞的孩子只能努力奔跑"));
            bookshelf.appendBook(new Book("但是一旦成功，那就是会当临绝顶，一览众山小"));
            Iterator iterator = bookshelf.iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                Book book = (Book)iterator.next();
                System.out.println(book.getName());
            }
    }
}