c语言字符串处理函数

不同字符编码的字符串处理函数查询：Microsoft 字符串处理函数大全

宽字符转char字符

字符串从wchar_t转换成char
#include <stdlib.h>
errno_t wcstombs_s( size_t *pReturnValue, char *mbstr, size_t sizeInBytes, const wchar_t *wcstr, size_t count );

字符串格式化输出sprintf_s

利用sprintf_s将计算出的内存中的hex形式MD5哈希值转换为字符串进行操作。代码如下：

	BYTE* hash;
	hash = GetHash(lpReadFileBuffer, CALG_MD5);  //GetHash是自写的其他函数
	if (hash)
	{
		//MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH
		char hashstring[32];
		memset(hashstring, 0, sizeof(hashstring));
		for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
			sprintf_s(hashstring + i * 2, 16, "%02x", (BYTE)*(hash+i));
		}
		LOG(INFO) << hashstring;
	}

使用的sprintf_s方法可能会引起Run-Time Check Failure #2 - Stack around the variable ‘hashstring’ was corrupted 问题。
正确的做法是使用byteToHexStr函数。原理https://wenku.baidu.com/view/bc698defe009581b6bd9eb31.html

inline std::string byteToHexStr(unsigned char* byte_arr, int arr_len)
{
	std::string hexstr;
	//
	for (int i = 0; nullptr != byte_arr && i < arr_len; ++i)
	{
		char hex1;
		char hex2;
		/*借助C++支持的unsigned和int的强制转换，把unsigned char赋值给int的值，那么系统就会自动完成强制转换*/
		int value = byte_arr[i];
		int S = value / 16;
		int Y = value % 16;

		//将C++中unsigned char和int的强制转换得到的商转成字母
		if (S >= 0 && S <= 9)
		{
			hex1 = (char)(48 + S);
		}
		else
		{
			hex1 = (char)(55 + S);
		}

		//将C++中unsigned char和int的强制转换得到的余数转成字母
		if (Y >= 0 && Y <= 9)
		{
			hex2 = (char)(48 + Y);
		}
		else
		{
			hex2 = (char)(55 + Y);
		}
		//最后一步的代码实现，将所得到的两个字母连接成字符串达到目的
		hexstr = hexstr + hex1 + hex2;
	}
	return hexstr;
}

字符串查找函数strstr

char* strstr(char*, const char*);

字符串以字符分割strtok_s

char* strtok_s(
char* str,
const char* delimiters,
char** context
);

wchar_t* wcstok_s(
wchar_t* str,
const wchar_t* delimiters,
wchar_t** context
);

unsigned char* _mbstok_s(
unsigned char* str,
const unsigned char* delimiters,
char** context
);

int IOCsInitialize(WCHAR* curPath)
{
    FILE* fr;
    char line[1000];
    char* str = NULL;
    if (fopen_s(&fr, ".\\iocs\\hash-APT-202101-06.txt", "r")) {
        printf("Open IOCs File failed,%d\n", GetLastError());
        return -1;
    }
    while (!feof(fr))
    {
        fgets(line, 1000, fr);
        char* p = strstr(line, ";");
        if (p != NULL)
        {
            if(strtok_s(line, ";" ,&str))
            {
                switch (strlen(line))
                {
                    case 32:
                        printf("md5");
                        break;
                    case 40:
                        printf("sha1");
                        break;
                    case 64:
                        printf("sha256");
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
            
            }
            
        }
     
    }
    printf("%s", line);
    fclose(fr);
    return 0;
}

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/c-runtime-library/reference/strtok-s-strtok-s-l-wcstok-s-wcstok-s-l-mbstok-s-mbstok-s-l?view=msvc-160