ansible(8) ansible-playbook基于搭建zabbix

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-29 15:58:42 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-10-29 15:58:42 发布

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本文详细介绍了如何使用Ansible的角色管理来提升配置管理的效率和条理性。通过创建Apache角色，实现了Web服务器的自动化安装、配置和启动。文章涵盖了角色目录结构、变量设置、任务定义及模板使用等关键步骤。

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角色是什麼

角色：
ansible 引用变量要用双引号引起来
defaults —main.yml主文件默认变量
files 存放要拷贝静态文件
handlers ----main.yml
meat —main.yml 定义信息，依赖
tasks定义任务
templates 模版 .j2 模版
vars --main.yml 定义变量
角色里面的优先级高
主要就是将原来的文件分区域管理，显得更有条例，对应文件放在对应目录下，代码大体没有变化，只有格式发生了小部分变化

**举个例子
**

[devops@server1 ansible]$ pwd
/home/devops/ansible
[devops@server1 ansible]$mkdir roles
[devops@server1 ansible]$cd roles
[devops@server1 roles]$ ansible-galaxy init apache
- Role apache was created successfully
[devops@server1 roles]$ ls
apache
[devops@server1 roles]$cd /home/devops/ansible
[devops@server1 ansible]$ cd roles/apache
[devops@server1 apache]$ ls
defaults  files  handlers  meta  README.md  tasks  templates  tests  vars

[devops@server1 apache]$ ansible-galaxy list
# /usr/share/ansible/roles
# /etc/ansible/roles
[WARNING]: - the configured path /home/devops/.ansible/roles does not exist.

[devops@server1 apache]$ ll
total 4
drwxrwxr-x. 2 devops devops   22 Nov 23 19:54 defaults
drwxrwxr-x. 2 devops devops    6 Nov 23 19:54 files
drwxrwxr-x. 2 devops devops   22 Nov 23 19:54 handlers
drwxrwxr-x. 2 devops devops   22 Nov 23 19:54 meta
-rw-rw-r--. 1 devops devops 1328 Nov 23 19:54 README.md
drwxrwxr-x. 2 devops devops   22 Nov 23 19:54 tasks
drwxrwxr-x. 2 devops devops    6 Nov 23 19:54 templates
drwxrwxr-x. 2 devops devops   39 Nov 23 19:54 tests
drwxrwxr-x. 2 devops devops   22 Nov 23 19:54 vars
[devops@server1 apache]$ cd tasks/
[devops@server1 tasks]$ ls
main.yml
[devops@server1 tasks]$ vim main.yml 
---
- name: install apache
  yum:
    name: httpd
    state: present

- name: config apache
  template:
    src: httpd.conf.j2
    dest: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
  notify: restart apache

- name: start apache
  service:
    name: httpd
    state: started

- name: copy index.html
  copy:
    src: index.html
    dest: /var/www/html/index.html

[devops@server1 ansible]$ pwd
/home/devops/ansible
[devops@server1 ansible]$ cd roles/apache/te
templates/ tests/     
[devops@server1 ansible]$ cd roles/apache/te
templates/ tests/     
[devops@server1 ansible]$ cd roles/apache/templates/
[devops@server1 templates]$ ls
httpd.conf
[devops@server1 templates]$ mv httpd.conf httpd.conf.j2
[devops@server1 templates]$ vim httpd.conf.j2 

[devops@server1 templates]$ ll
total 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 11753 Nov 23 20:08 httpd.conf.j2
[devops@server1 templates]$ exit
exit
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@server1 mnt]# chgrp devops ansible/
ansible.cfg  hosts        ssh.yml      zabbix/      
[root@server1 mnt]# chgrp devops /home/devops/ansible/roles/apache/templates/httpd.conf.j2 
[root@server1 mnt]# chown devops /home/devops/ansible/roles/apache/templates/httpd.conf.j2 
[root@server1 mnt]# su devops
[devops@server1 mnt]$ cd
[devops@server1 ~]$ cd ansible/roles/apache/
[devops@server1 apache]$ ls
defaults  files  handlers  meta  README.md  tasks  templates  tests  vars
[devops@server1 apache]$ vim templates/httpd.conf.j2 



 42 Listen {{ http_host }}:{{ http_port }}



[devops@server1 apache]$ vim vars/main.yml 

---
http_host: "{{ ansible_hostname }}"
http_port: 80



[devops@server1 apache]$ cd ..
[devops@server1 roles]$ ls
apache
[devops@server1 roles]$ cd ..
[devops@server1 ansible]$ ls
ansible.cfg  apache  hosts  roles  ssh.yml  zabbix
[devops@server1 ansible]$ vim apache.yml
[devops@server1 ansible]$ cat hosts 
[db]
172.25.62.2
[web]
172.25.62.3

[zabbix:children]
db
web

#[webserver:vars]
#http_port=80



[devops@server1 ansible]$ ls
ansible.cfg  apache  apache.yml  hosts  roles  ssh.yml  zabbix
[devops@server1 ansible]$ cd roles/
[devops@server1 roles]$ cd apache/
[devops@server1 apache]$ ls
defaults  files  handlers  meta  README.md  tasks  templates  tests  vars
[devops@server1 apache]$ ll templates/
total 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 devops devops 11782 Nov 23 20:12 httpd.conf.j2
[devops@server1 apache]$ vim defaults/main.yml 
[devops@server1 apache]$ vim tasks/main.yml 
[devops@server1 apache]$ vim tasks/main.yml 
[devops@server1 apache]$ ansible-playbook apache.yml 
ERROR! the playbook: apache.yml could not be found
[devops@server1 apache]$ cd ..
[devops@server1 roles]$ cd ..
[devops@server1 ansible]$ ansible-playbook apache.yml 

[devops@server1 ansible]$ cd roles/apache/
[devops@server1 apache]$ ls
defaults  files  handlers  meta  README.md  tasks  templates  tests  vars
[devops@server1 apache]$ vim handlers/
[devops@server1 apache]$ vim handlers/main.yml 
[devops@server1 apache]$ vim tasks/main.yml 
[devops@server1 apache]$ vim handlers/main.yml 
[devops@server1 apache]$ cd ..
[devops@server1 roles]$ cd ..
[devops@server1 ansible]$ ansible-playbook apache.yml 

PLAY [web] ********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ********************************************************************************************
ok: [172.25.62.3]

TASK [apache : install apache] ************************************************************************************
ok: [172.25.62.3]

TASK [apache : config apache] *************************************************************************************
ok: [172.25.62.3]

TASK [apache : start apache] **************************************************************************************
changed: [172.25.62.3]

TASK [apache : copy index.html] ***********************************************************************************
changed: [172.25.62.3]

PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************************************************
172.25.62.3                : ok=5    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

[devops@server1 ansible]$ curl 172.25.62.3
www.westos.org