第3章练习

练习1：
// Write a program that uses the "short" and long form of print statement

import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
import org.greggordon.tools.*;

public class PrintTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		print("Hello, from short form.");
		P.rintln("Hello from greggordon form.");
		System.out.println("Hello from long form.");
	}
}
练习2：
// Create a class containing a float and use it to demonstrate aliasing

import org.greggordon.tools.*;

class Tube {
	float level;
}

public class Assign {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Tube t1 = new Tube();
		Tube t2 = new Tube();
		t1.level = 0.9f;
		t2.level = 0.47f;
		P.rintln("1: t1.level: " + t1.level + ", t2.level: " + t2.level);
		t1 = t2;
		P.rintln("2: t1.level: " + t1.level + ", t2.level: " + t2.level);		
		t1.level = 0.27f; 
		P.rintln("3: t1.level: " + t1.level + ", t2.level: " + t2.level);
	}
}
练习3：
// Create a class containing a float and use it to demonstrate aliasing during
// method calls

import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;

class Box {
	float a;
}

public class PassObject2 {
	static void f(Box y) {
		y.a = 2.71828f;
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Box x = new Box();
		x.a = 3.1416f;
		print("1: x.a = " + x.a);
		f(x);	
		print("2: x.a = " + x.a);
	}
}
练习4：
// Write a program that calculates velocity using a constant distance
// and a constant time.

class VelocityCalculator {
	static float velocity (float d, float t) {
		if(t == 0) return 0f;
		else return d/t;
	} 
}

public class VelocityTester {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		float d = 565.3f;
		float t = 3.6f;
		System.out.println("Distance: " + d);
		System.out.println("Time: " + t);
		float v = VelocityCalculator.velocity(d, t);
		System.out.println("Velocity: " + v);		
	}
}
练习5：
/* Create a class called Dog containing two Strings: name and says.
* In main(), create two dog objects with names "spot" (who says "Ruff!") and
* "scruffy" (who says "Wurf!").  Then display their names and what they say.
*/

import org.greggordon.tools.*;

class Dog {
	String name;
	String says;
	void setName(String n) {
		name = n;
	}
	void setSays(String s) {
		says = s;
	}
	void showName() {
		P.rintln(name);
	}
	void speak() {
		P.rintln(says);
	}
}

public class DogTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Dog spot = new Dog();
		spot.setName("Spot");
		spot.setSays("Ruff!");
		Dog scruffy = new Dog();
		scruffy.setName("Scruffy");
		scruffy.setSays("Wurf!");
		spot.showName();
		spot.speak();
		scruffy.showName(); 
		scruffy.speak();
	}
}
练习6：
/* Create a class called Dog containing two Strings: name and says.
* Following exercise 5, create a new Dog reference and assign it to spot's
* object. Test for comparison using == and equals() for all references.
*/

import org.greggordon.tools.*;

class Dog {
	String name;
	String says;
	void setName(String n) {
		name = n;
	}
	void setSays(String s) {
		says = s;
	}
	void showName() {
		P.rintln(name);
	}
	void speak() {
		P.rintln(says);
	}
}

public class DogCompare {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Dog spot = new Dog();
		spot.setName("Spot");
		spot.setSays("Ruff!");
		Dog scruffy = new Dog();
		scruffy.setName("Scruffy");
		scruffy.setSays("Wurf!");
		spot.showName();
		spot.speak();
		scruffy.showName(); 
		scruffy.speak();
		Dog butch = new Dog();
		butch.setName("Butch");
		butch.setSays("Hello!");
		butch.showName();
		butch.speak();
		P.rintln("Comparison: ");
		P.rintln("spot == butch: " + (spot == butch));
		P.rintln("spot.equals(butch): " + spot.equals(butch));
		P.rintln("butch.equals(spot): " + butch.equals(spot));
		P.rintln("Now assign: spot = butch");
		spot = butch;
		P.rintln("Compare again: ");
		P.rintln("spot == butch: " + (spot == butch));
		P.rintln("spot.equals(butch): " + spot.equals(butch));
		P.rintln("butch.equals(spot): " + butch.equals(spot));
		P.rintln("Spot: ");
		spot.showName();
		spot.speak();
		P.rintln("Butch: ");
		butch.showName();
		butch.speak();
			
	}
}
练习7：
// Write a program that simulates coin-flipping

import java.util.*; 
import org.greggordon.tools.*;

public class CoinToss {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Random rand = new Random();
		int coin = rand.nextInt();
		if(coin % 2 == 0) P.rintln("heads");
		else P.rintln("tails");		
	}
}
练习8：
// Show that hex and octal notations work with long values. 
// Use Long.toBinaryString to display the results.

import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;

public class LongValues {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		long n1 = 0xffff; // hexadecimal
		long n2 = 077777; // octal
		print("long n1 in hex = " + Long.toBinaryString(n1));
		print("long n2 in oct = " + Long.toBinaryString(n2));
	}
}
练习9：
// Display the largest and smallest numbers for both float and double 
// exponential notation.

public class MinMax {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		double max = java.lang.Double.MAX_VALUE;
		System.out.println("Max double = " + max);
		double min = java.lang.Double.MIN_VALUE; 
		System.out.println("Min double = " + min);
		float maxf = java.lang.Float.MAX_VALUE;
		System.out.println("Max float = " + maxf);
		float minf = java.lang.Float.MIN_VALUE; 
		System.out.println("Min float = " + minf);	
	}
}
练习10：
/* Write a program with two constant values, one with alternating binary ones and
* zeroes, with a zero in the least-significant digit, and the second, also
* alternating, with a one in the least-significant digit (hint: It's easiest to 
* use hexadecimal constants for this). Take these two values and combine them in
* all possible ways using the bitwise operators, and display the results using
* Integer.toBinaryString(). 
*/

import org.greggordon.tools.*;

public class BinaryTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		int i = 1 + 4 + 16 + 64;
		int j = 2 + 8 + 32 + 128;
		P.rintln("i = " + Integer.toBinaryString(i));
		P.rintln("j = " + Integer.toBinaryString(j));
		P.rintln("i & j = " + Integer.toBinaryString(i & j));
		P.rintln("i | j = " + Integer.toBinaryString(i | j));
		P.rintln("i ^ j = " + Integer.toBinaryString(i ^ j));
		P.rintln("~i = " + Integer.toBinaryString(~i));
		P.rintln("~j = " + Integer.toBinaryString(~j));
	}
}
练习11：
/* Start with a number that has a binary one in the most significant position
* (hint: Use a hexadecimal constant). Using the signed right-shift operator,
* right shift it all the way through all of its binary positions each time
* displaying the result using Integer.toBinaryString().
*/ 

import org.greggordon.tools.*;

public class RightShiftTest {
	public static void main(String [] args) {
		int h = 0x10000000;
		P.rintln(Integer.toBinaryString(h));
		for(int i = 0; i < 28; i++) {
			h >>>= 1;
			P.rintln(Integer.toBinaryString(h));
		}
	}
}
练习12：
/* Start with a number that is all binary ones. Left shift it, then use the
* unsigned right-shift operator to right shift through all of its binary
* positions, each time displaying the result using Integer.toBinarySting().
*/ 

import org.greggordon.tools.*;

public class RightShiftTest2 {
	public static void main(String [] args) {
		int h = -1;
		P.rintln(Integer.toBinaryString(h));
		h <<= 10;
		P.rintln(Integer.toBinaryString(h));
		for(int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
			h >>>= 1;
			P.rintln(Integer.toBinaryString(h));
		}
	}
}
练习13：
/* Write a method that displays char values in binary form. Demonstrate it
* using several different characters. 
*/ 

import org.greggordon.tools.*;

public class CharBinaryTest {
	public static void main(String [] args) {
		char c = 'a';
		P.rintln(Integer.toBinaryString(c));
		c = 'b';
		P.rintln(Integer.toBinaryString(c));
		c = 'c';
		P.rintln(Integer.toBinaryString(c));
		c = 'd';
		P.rintln(Integer.toBinaryString(c));
		c +=1;
		P.rintln(Integer.toBinaryString(c));
		c = 'A';
		P.rintln(Integer.toBinaryString(c));
		for(int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
			c +=1;
			P.rintln(Integer.toBinaryString(c));
		}
	}
}
练习14：
/* Write a method that takes two String arguments uses all the boolean
* comparisons to compare the two Stings and print the results. For the == and
* !=, also perform the equals() test. In main(), test your method with some
* different String objects.
*/

import org.greggordon.tools.*;

public class StringCompare {	
	static void f(boolean b) {if(b == true) P.rintln(true);
		else P.rintln(false);}
	static void stringTest(String s, String t) {
		f(s == t);
		f(s.equals(t));
		f(t.equals(s));
		f(s != t);
		// f(!s);
		//f(!t);
		// s = s && t;
		// s = s || t;
		// s = ~t;
		// s = s  & t;
		// s = s | t;
		// s = s ^ t;
		// s &= t;
		// s ^= t;
		// s |= t;
	}	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String s = "one", t = "two";
		StringWork.stringTest(s, t);		
	}
}