Web-RabbitMQ-整合Spring & Springboot目录
除了
连接MQ代理
、建立交换机和队列
、发送消息
,还需要发送方确认消息发送成功
、接收方消费后反馈
这里发送消息等不再是Channel而是RabbitTemplate
一、Spring整合RabbitMQ
生产方
1. 依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
<version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
2. properties配置文件
rabbitmq.host=192.168.12.135
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=host
rabbitmq.password=host
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/test
rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true //是否开启confirm模式,默认为false
rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true //是否开启return模式,默认为false
3. spring-rabbitmq.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
<!--加载配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:properties/rabbitmq.properties"/>
<!-- 定义rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory"
host="${rabbitmq.host}"
port="${rabbitmq.port}"
username="${rabbitmq.username}"
password="${rabbitmq.password}"
virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"
publisher-confirms="${rabbitmq.publisher-confirms}"
publisher-returns="${rabbitmq.publisher-returns}" />
<!--定义管理交换机、队列-->
<rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
<!--
auto-declare:不存在则自动创建;不绑定到交换机则绑定到默认交换机
-->
<rabbit:queue id="spring_queue" name="spring_queue" auto-declare="true"/>
<!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~广播;所有队列都能收到消息 start~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
<!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列,不存在则自动创建-->
<rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_1" name="spring_fanout_queue_1" auto-declare="true"/>
<!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列,不存在则自动创建-->
<rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_2" name="spring_fanout_queue_2" auto-declare="true"/>
<!--定义广播类型交换机;并绑定上述两个队列-->
<rabbit:fanout-exchange id="spring_fanout_exchange" name="spring_fanout_exchange" auto-declare="true">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_1"/>
<rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:fanout-exchange>
<!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~广播;所有队列都能收到消息 end~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
<!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~通配符;*匹配一个单词,#匹配多个单词 start~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
<!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列,不存在则自动创建-->
<rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_star" name="spring_topic_queue_star" auto-declare="true"/>
<!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列,不存在则自动创建-->
<rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well" name="spring_topic_queue_well" auto-declare="true"/>
<!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列,不存在则自动创建-->
<rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well2" name="spring_topic_queue_well2" auto-declare="true"/>
<!--创建主题交换机,绑定队列-->
<rabbit:topic-exchange id="spring_topic_exchange" name="spring_topic_exchange" auto-declare="true">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding pattern="heima.*" queue="spring_topic_queue_star"/>
<rabbit:binding pattern="heima.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well"/>
<rabbit:binding pattern="itcast.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:topic-exchange>
<!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~通配符;*匹配一个单词,#匹配多个单词 end~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
<!--定义rabbitTemplate对象操作可以在代码中方便发送消息,这里需要指定connectionFactory-->
<rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
</beans>
4. 发送消息
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring/spring-rabbitmq.xml")
public class ProducerTest {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
//定义confirm和callback的回调函数
@Before
public void callback(){
//1. 设置confirmCallBack
rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(new RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback() {
/**
* 发送消息后此方法就会被执行
* @param correlationData :消息相关配置信息
* @param b :交换机是否接收到消息
* @param s :失败原因,成功为null
*/
@Override
public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean b, String s) {
if(b){
System.out.println("confirm方法被执行,消息发送成功");
}else {
System.out.println("confirm方法被执行,消息发送失败");
System.out.println("错误信息: "+s);
//可以自己定义一些逻辑,让消息再次发送,具体怎么搞没研究过
}
}
});
rabbitTemplate.setMandatory(true);
//2.设置ReturnCallBack,
rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(new RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback() {
/**
*
* @param message 消息对象
* @param replyCode 错误码
* @param replyText 错误信息
* @param exchange 交换机
* @param routingKey 路由键
*/
@Override
public void returnedMessage(Message message, int replyCode, String replyText, String exchange, String routingKey) {
System.out.println("return 执行了....");
System.out.println(message);
System.out.println(replyCode);
System.out.println(replyText);
System.out.println(exchange);
System.out.println(routingKey);
//处理,会让交换机将消息给其它队列
}
});
}
/**
* 只发队列消息
* 默认交换机类型为 direct
* 交换机的名称为空,路由键为队列的名称
*/
@Test
public void queueTest(){
//路由键与队列同名
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_queue", "只发队列spring_queue的消息。");
}
/**
* 发送广播
* 交换机类型为 fanout
* 绑定到该交换机的所有队列都能够收到消息
*/
@Test
public void fanoutTest(){
/**
* 参数1:交换机名称
* 参数2:路由键名(广播设置为空)
* 参数3:发送的消息内容
*/
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_fanout_exchange", "", "发送到spring_fanout_exchange交换机的广播消息");
}
/**
* 通配符
* 交换机类型为 topic
* 匹配路由键的通配符,*表示一个单词,#表示多个单词
* 绑定到该交换机的匹配队列能够收到对应消息
*/
@Test
public void topicTest(){
/**
* 参数1:交换机名称
* 参数2:路由键名
* 参数3:发送的消息内容
*/
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "heima.bj", "发送到spring_topic_exchange交换机heima.bj的消息");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "heima.bj.1", "发送到spring_topic_exchange交换机heima.bj.1的消息");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "heima.bj.2", "发送到spring_topic_exchange交换机heima.bj.2的消息");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "itcast.cn", "发送到spring_topic_exchange交换机itcast.cn的消息");
}
}
消费方
1. 依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
<version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
2. properties配置文件
rabbitmq.host=192.168.12.135
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=host
rabbitmq.password=host
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/test
rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true //是否开启confirm模式,默认为false
rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true //是否开启return模式,默认为false
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
<!--加载配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:properties/rabbitmq.properties"/>
<!-- 定义rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}"
port="${rabbitmq.port}"
username="${rabbitmq.username}"
password="${rabbitmq.password}"
virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
<!--右边为自定义的监听器,在3中致谢了第一个可以类比于`channel.basicConsume()`的参数(callback)`DefaultConsumer类`**-->
<bean id="springQueueListener" class="com.rabbitmq.listener.SpringQueueListener"/>
<bean id="fanoutListener1" class="com.rabbitmq.listener.FanoutListener1"/>
<bean id="fanoutListener2" class="com.rabbitmq.listener.FanoutListener2"/>
<bean id="topicListenerStar" class="com.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerStar"/>
<bean id="topicListenerWell" class="com.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerWell"/>
<bean id="topicListenerWell2" class="com.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerWell2"/>
<!-- 自动确认,在这里才指定监听从哪个队列出来的消息 -->
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" auto-declare="true">
<rabbit:listener ref="springQueueListener" queue-names="spring_queue"/>
<rabbit:listener ref="fanoutListener1" queue-names="spring_fanout_queue_1"/>
<rabbit:listener ref="fanoutListener2" queue-names="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
<rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerStar" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_star"/>
<rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerWell" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_well"/>
<rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerWell2" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>
</rabbit:listener-container>
</beans>
3. 定义监听器
不管是自动还是手动确认,都会执行监听类,其实与其说是监听类可以说是消费逻辑,监听器是负责接收消息对消息消费的,设置手动确认时会在里面自定义一些确认的逻辑。
实现MessageListener,重写onMessage方法即可,其它监听器一样,这里不赘述。这个可以类比
channel.basicConsume()
的参数(callback)DefaultConsumer类
public class SpringQueueListener implements MessageListener {
//Message类中封装了消息的相关信息,这个监听器类会在接收消息后自动执行
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
System.out.printf("接收路由名称为:%s,路由键为:%s,队列名为:%s的消息:%s \n",
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
消费端测试代码
拦截器会自动执行消费消息,这里只是保证消费端处于启动状态,加载spring-rabbitmq-consumer.xml配置文件
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-rabbitmq-consumer.xml")
public class ConsumerTest {
@Test
public void test1(){
boolean flag = true;
while (true){
}
}
}
二、Spring Boot整合RabbitMQ
生产者
1. 依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
2. application.yml配置文件
RabbitMQ相关参数配置见:Springboot-RabbitMq 参数配置详解
spring:
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
virtual-host: /itcast
username: heima
password: heima
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms: 是否启用【发布确认】,默认false
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns: 是否启用【发布返回】,默认false
3. 配置类
定义交换机和队列
@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "boot_topic_exchange";
public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "boot_queue";
//1.交换机
@Bean("bootExchange")
public Exchange bootExchange(){
return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build();
}
//2.Queue 队列
@Bean("bootQueue")
public Queue bootQueue(){
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build();
}
//3. 队列和交互机绑定关系 Binding
/*
1. 知道哪个队列
2. 知道哪个交换机
3. routing key
4. @Qualifier指定了名称,而Queue指定了类型,相当于和@Authoud的组合
*/
@Bean
public Binding bindQueueExchange(@Qualifier("bootQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("bootExchange") Exchange exchange){
//需要指定参数就and()不需要就noargs();
return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("boot.#").noargs();
}
}
4. 发送消息
通过RabbitTemplate来完成
import com.itheima.rabbitmq.config.RabbitMQConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitMQTest {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
//发送消息
@Test
public void test(){
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE, "item.insert", "商品新增,routing key 为item.insert");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE, "item.update", "商品修改,routing key 为item.update");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE, "item.delete", "商品删除,routing key 为item.delete");
}
消费者
1. 依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
2. application.yml配置文件
RabbitMQ相关参数配置见:Springboot-RabbitMq 参数配置详解
spring:
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
virtual-host: /itcast
username: heima
password: heima
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode: manual --设置为手动
spring.rabbitmq.listener.direct.acknowledge-mode: manual
3. 定义监听器
Springboot整合RabbitMQ 消费者消息接收确认
消费消息
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class MyListener {
/**
* 监听某个队列的消息,会自动执行。
* @param message 接收到的消息
*/
@RabbitListener(queues = "item_queue")
public void myListener1(String message){
System.out.println("消费者接收到的消息为:" + message);
}
}