数据库实验-MySQL主从复制和读写分离

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已于 2022-11-30 00:56:37 修改

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文章标签： mysql 数据库服务器

于 2022-11-28 22:15:46 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43381463/article/details/128088570

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MySQL主从复制和读写分离

0x00准备环境

master服务器	rlave服务器	amoeba服务器
192.168.12.134	192.168.12.135	192.168.12.136

0x01主从复制

master服务器上对数据库有操作会写入到二进制日志中，save服务器通过/0线程将master上的二进制日志读取过来写入到中继日志
中，从而同步数据

1、master和slave的时间得保持一致

让两台服务器的时间和网络时间一致

# 下载ntp
yum -y install ntp

# 同步时间
ntpdate time.windows.com

2、master配置

vim /etc/my.cnf
# 末尾添加
server-id = 11
log_bin = master-bin
log-slave-updates = true

# 重启数据库
systemctl restart mysqld

# 添加授权
grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'192.168.88.129' identified by 'Woniuxy.123';

# 刷新授权
flush privileges;

# 查看master状态
show master status;	
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| master-bin.000003 |     1559 |              |                  |                   |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

3、slave配置

vim /etc/my.cnf
# 末尾添加
server-id = 22
relay-log = relay-log-bin
relay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index

# 重启mysqld
systemctl restart mysqld

# 登录数据库，配置同步
change master to master_host='192.168.12.134',master_user='slave',master_password='Woniu.123',master_log_file='master-bin.000003',master_log_pos=1559;

# 开启slave
start slave;

# 查看slave状态
show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.12.134
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: master-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1730
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 492
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1730
              Relay_Log_Space: 697
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 11
                  Master_UUID: 0ffe0a95-65b9-11ed-9c82-000c29d7b6fc
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR: 
No query specified


#Slave_IO_Running: Yes
#Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
#这两个值均为Yes

0x02读写分离

1、准备安装包

jdk：

amoeba：

2、jdk安装

# 为jdk添加权限
chmod +x jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin

# 执行jdk
./jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin

# 查看目录，发现已经生成一个jdk1.6.0_14文件夹
# 将文件夹移动到/usr/local/jdk1.6
mv jdk1.6.0_14/ /usr/local/jdk1.6

# 配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile

# 在末尾添加环境变量
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6
export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

# 应用
source /etc/profile

# 测试
java -version

3、安装amoeba

# 创建目录
mkdir amoeba

# 将amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz解压到目录中
tar zxf amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz -C amoeba

# 移动amoeba到/usr/local/下
mv amoeba /usr/local/

# 配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile

# 在末尾添加环境变量
export AMOEBA_HOME=/usr/local/amoeba
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$AMOEBA_HOME/bin 

# 应用
source /etc/profile

# 启动amoeba
amoeba start

效果为

[root@CentOS7-3 ~]# amoeba start
log4j:WARN log4j config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba/conf/log4j.xml
2022-11-28 21:12:31,752 INFO  context.MysqlRuntimeContext - Amoeba for Mysql current versoin=5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-2.2.0
log4j:WARN ip access config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba/conf/access_list.conf
2022-11-28 21:12:31,927 INFO  net.ServerableConnectionManager - Amoeba for Mysql listening on 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:8066.
2022-11-28 21:12:31,928 INFO  net.ServerableConnectionManager - Amoeba Monitor Server listening on /127.0.0.1:3920.

4、在master服务器添加授权用户

grant all on *.* to 'test'@'192.168.12.136' identified by 'Woniu.123';

5、配置amoeba

# 配置amoeba.xml
vim /usr/local/amoeba/conf/amoeba.xml

# 设置用户名密码
30				<property name="user">amoeba</property>
32				<property name="password">woniu.123</property>
115				<property name="defaultPool">master</property>
118             <property name="writePool">master</property>
119             <property name="readPool">slaves</property>

# 配置dbServers.xml
vim /usr/local/amoeba/conf/dbServers.xml

19              <!-- mysql port -->
20              <property name="port">3306</property>

22              <!-- mysql schema -->
23              <property name="schema">mysql</property>

25              <!-- mysql user -->
26              <property name="user">test</property>

28              <!--  mysql password    -->
29              <property name="password">Woniu.123</property>

45         		<dbServer name="master"  parent="abstractServer">
48              <property name="ipAddress">192.168.12.134</property>

52         		<dbServer name="slave1"  parent="abstractServer">
55              <property name="ipAddress">192.168.12.135</property>

59         		<dbServer name="slaves" virtual="true">
65              <property name="poolNames">slave1</property>

# 启动amoeba
amoeba start