【英语学习】【医学】Unit 08 The Cardiovascular System

《基础医学英语》读书笔记

常见词根与词缀

词根/词缀	含义	示例	词源
cardi(o)-	heart 心脏	cardioscope 心脏镜 cardiosurgery 心脏外科学	from Greek kardia ‘heart’.
fibr(o)-	fibre 纤维	fibrocyte 纤维细胞 fibroma 纤维瘤	from Latin fibra ‘fiber’.
aort(o)-	aorta 主动脉	aortitis 主动脉炎 aortagram 主动脉造影片	mid 16th century: from Greek aortē (used in the plural by Hippocrates for the branches of the windpipe, and by Aristotle for the great artery), from aeirein ‘raise’. 注：本义是“上升”
angi(o)-	vessel 血管	angiofibroma 血管纤维瘤 angioblastoma 成血管细胞瘤	from Greek angeion ‘vessel’.
arteri(o)-	artery 动脉	arteriostenosis 动脉狭窄 arteriorrhexis 动脉破裂	late Middle English: from Latin arteria, from Greek artēria, probably from airein ‘raise’.
phleb(o)-	vein 静脉	phlebology 静脉学 phlebolith 静脉石	from phleps (genitive phlebos) “vein”
ven(o)-	vein 静脉	venography 静脉造影术 venosclerosis 静脉硬化	From veni (“come”) +‎ -o. 注：大约是“来到心脏为静脉”
splanch(o)-	viscus 内脏	splanchnopathy 内脏病 splanchnoscope 内窥镜	Ancient Greek σπλάγχνα (splánkhna, “viscera”) 注：感觉与 “viscosity (黏糊)” 有点渊源
steth(o)-	breast 胸	stethophone 听诊器 (本义：挺胸器) stethoscope 听诊器	from Greek stēthos ‘breast’
splen(o)-	spleen 脾	splenoblast 成脾细胞 splenology 脾脏学	From Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn, “spleen”).
-lith	stone 石，结石	angiolith 血管石 arteriolith 动脉石	from Greek lithos ‘stone’.
-rrhexis	rupture 破裂	angiorrhexis 动脉破裂 phleborrhexis 静脉破裂	From New Latin, from Ancient Greek ῥῆξις (rhêxis).
coron(o)-	corona 冠	coronary 冠状的 coronaritis 冠状动脉炎	from Latin, ‘wreath, crown’.
atri(o)-	atrium (心) 房	atrial 心房的 atriomegaly 心房(过)大	From Latin ātrium (“entry hall”), from Etruscan. 注：atri- 与 entry确有点谐音
capillar(o)-	capillary 毛(细)血管	capillaropathy 毛细管病 capillaroscopy 毛细管显微镜检查	mid 17th century: from Latin capillaris, from capillus ‘hair’, influenced by Old French capillaire .