【英语学习】【WOTD】borne 释义/词源/示例

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borne adj. [BORN]

Definition

: transported or transmitted by — used in combination
：以…方式运输或传输 — 用在组合中

Did You Know?

Borne is, just like born, the past participle of the verb bear, which can mean (among other things) “to contain” or “to give birth to.” At first, borne and born were variant spelling of the same adjective. Used as in water-borne (or water-born), it means “carried by.” In the phrase “borne enemies” (or “born enemies”), it means “from birth.” To add to the confusion, the spelling borne sees occasional use in the passive voice in the “to give birth to” sense, as in “two sons were borne by his wife.” In combining forms, born is reserved for the adjective related to birth (as in newly-born and Massachusetts-born) and borne retains the sense of “carried” (“airborne passengers”).

词源词根演化：bear (v. “to contain” or “to give birth to”) —> borne / born

Borne，还有born，都是动词bear的过去分词，意思是：（在许多事物中）“包含”或者“生育”。 最初，borne与born都同一个形容词的不同变体写法。可以用在water-borne（或water-born，“通过水传播的”）中，意思是“由…承载”。在短语“borne enemies” （或 born enemies），意思是“与生俱来的”。更加让人迷惑的是，borne这种写法还偶见于被动语态中，表示“生育”，例如“two sons were borne by his wife.” 在组合形式中，born主要用于表示“生育”的形容词中（例如newly-born 新生的，和Massachusetts-born 马萨诸塞出生的），而borne则主要用于“承载”的意思（例如，airborne passenger 乘飞机的旅客）。

Examples

• “by 2050, half the world’s population could be at risk of mosquito-borne diseases like dengue fever or the Zika virus, new research suggests.”
  — Chelsea Harvey, Scientific American, 7 Mar. 2019
  最新研究暗示：到2050年，全球大约一半的人将可能受到蚊子传播的疾病风险，例如登革热或者Zika病毒。

• “Tocoma had a population of 36,006 by 1890, a boom of 3,179.2 percent in just 10 years. But not to be outdone, Seattle had formed its own rail service, the Seattle & Walla Walla Railroad, to feed off the profitable railroad-borne commerce.”
  — Steve Dunkelberger, SouthSoundTalk.com (Pierce County, Washington), 28 Aug. 2018

  Tocoma在1890年的人口是3,6006，在10年内，人口激增了3179.2%（31倍）。但是没有问题，西雅图成立了它自己的铁路服务，the Seattle & Walla Walla Railroad公司，从有利可图的铁路承运商机中发展壮大。

  注：outdone：被打败的；feed of：以…为食物来源，从…取食，因…而壮大（常用于贬义），依靠…维持生活