3.1 多合一显示
这里描述如何在一张图里放置多个函数图像
采用subplot()函数完成
类似于matlab的函数
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.figure()
plt.subplot(2, 1, 1) # 分成2行1列并在第一个位置画图
plt.plot([0, 1], [0, 1])
plt.subplot(2, 3, 4)
plt.plot([0, 1], [0, 2])
plt.subplot(2, 3, 5)
plt.plot([0, 1], [0, 3])
plt.subplot(2, 3, 6)
plt.plot([0, 1], [0, 4])
plt.show()
3.2 分格显示
这里采用三种方法
具体见代码
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import gridspec
# # method 1
# plt.figure()
# ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((3, 3), (0, 0), colspan=3, rowspan=1)
# ax1.plot([1, 2], [1, 2])
# ax1.set_title('ax1_title')
# ax2 = plt.subplot2grid((3, 3), (1, 0), colspan=2)
# ax3 = plt.subplot2grid((3, 3), (1, 2), rowspan=2)
# ax4 = plt.subplot2grid((3, 3), (2, 0))
# ax5 = plt.subplot2grid((3, 3), (2, 1))
# # method 2
# plt.figure()
# gs = gridspec.GridSpec(3, 3)
# ax1 = plt.subplot(gs[0, :])
# ax2 = plt.subplot(gs[1, :2]) # 注意这里:2取不到2,只能取到0和1,:是左闭右开
# ax3 = plt.subplot(gs[1:, 2])
# ax4 = plt.subplot(gs[-1, 0])
# ax5 = plt.subplot(gs[-1, -2])
# method 3
f,((ax11,ax12),(ax21,ax22))=plt.subplots(2,2,sharex=True,sharey=True)
ax11.scatter([1,2],[1,2])
plt.show()
方法一
方法二
方法三
3.3 图中图
这里采用了两种方法画图中图,具体见代码
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
y = [1, 3, 4, 2, 5, 8, 6]
left, bottom, width, height = 0.1, 0.1, 0.8, 0.8
ax1 = fig.add_axes([left, bottom, width, height])
ax1.plot(x, y, 'r')
ax1.set_xlabel('x')
ax1.set_ylabel('y')
ax1.set_title('title')
left, bottom, width, height = 0.2, 0.6, 0.25, 0.25
ax1 = fig.add_axes([left, bottom, width, height])
ax1.plot(y, x, 'b')
ax1.set_xlabel('x')
ax1.set_ylabel('y')
ax1.set_title('title inside 1')
plt.axes([0.6, 0.2, 0.25, 0.25])
plt.plot(y[::-1], x, 'g')
plt.xlabel('x')
plt.ylabel('y')
plt.title('title inside 2')
plt.show()
3.4 次坐标轴
所谓次坐标轴就是共享x数据,但y轴的刻度不同
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.arange(0, 10, 0.1)
y1 = 0.05 * x ** 2
y2 = y1 ** 2
fig, ax1 = plt.subplots()
ax2 = ax1.twinx()
ax1.plot(x, y1, 'g-')
ax2.plot(x, y2, 'b--')
ax1.set_xlabel('X data')
ax1.set_ylabel('Y1', color='g')
ax2.set_ylabel('Y2', color='b')
plt.show()
3.5 Animation动画
定义初始和动画两个函数
再采用animation函数就OK了
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import animation
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
x = np.arange(0, 2 * np.pi, 0.01)
line, = ax.plot(x, np.sin(x))
def animate(i):
line.set_ydata(np.sin(x+i/10))
return line,
def init():
line.set_ydata(np.sin(x))
return line,
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig=fig,func=animate,frames=100,init_func=init,interval=20,blit=False)
plt.show()
非常感谢莫烦老师教导,上传仅为学习交流之用,侵删
链接: https://morvanzhou.github.io/tutorials/data-manipulation/plt/1-1-why/.