【网络】MIME 介绍及常见的类型

起序：借鉴 付杰 师傅的。

一、MIME 介绍

• 可能很多人不知道什么是MIME？

不过没关系，那你一定听说过 文件内容类型 或者说通过抓包你一定听说过 Content-Type: text/html 这种类似的，其实，这就是MIME。下面再给大家简单说说吧！

MIME(（Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions）多用途互联网邮件扩展类型。是设定某种扩展名的文件用一种应用程序来打开的方式类型，当该扩展名文件被访问的时候，浏览器会自动使用指定应用程序来打开。多用于指定一些客户端自定义的文件名，以及一些媒体文件打开方式每个MIME类型由两部分组成，前面是数据的大类别，例如声音 audio、图象 Image等,后面定义具体的种类。

• 常见的MME类型，例如：
  • 超文本标记语言文本：.html,html - text/htm
  • 普通文本：.txt - text/plain
  • RTF文本：.rtf - application/rtf
  • GIF图形：.gif - image/gif
  • JPEG图形：. jpg - image/jpeg

二、常见的 MIME 类型

扩展名	文档类型	MIME 内容类型
.aac	AAC audio	audio/aac
.abw	AbiWord document	application/x-abiword
.arc	Archive document (multiple files embedded)	application/x-freearc
.avi	AVI: Audio Video Interleave	video/x-msvideo
.azw	Amazon Kindle eBook format	application/vnd.amazon.ebook
.bin	Any kind of binary data	application/octet-stream
.bmp	Windows OS/2 Bitmap Graphics	image/bmp
.bz	BZip archive	application/x-bzip
.bz2	BZip2 archive	application/x-bzip2
.csh	C-Shell script	application/x-csh
.css	Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)	text/css
.csv	Comma-separated values (CSV)	text/csv
.doc	Microsoft Word	application/msword
.docx	Microsoft Word (OpenXML)	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
.eot	MS Embedded OpenType fonts	application/vnd.ms-fontobject
.epub	Electronic publication (EPUB)	application/epub+zip
.gif	Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)	image/gif
.htm .html	HyperText Markup Language (HTML)	text/html
.ico	Icon format	image/vnd.microsoft.icon
.ics	iCalendar format	text/calendar
.jar	Java Archive (JAR)	application/java-archive
.jpeg .jpg	JPEG images	image/jpeg
.js	JavaScript	text/javascript
.json	JSON format	application/json
.jsonld	JSON-LD format	application/ld+json
.mid .midi	Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)	audio/midi audio/x-midi
.mjs	JavaScript module	text/javascript
.mp3	MP3 audio	audio/mpeg
.mpeg	MPEG Video	video/mpeg
.mpkg	Apple Installer Package	application/vnd.apple.installer+xml
.odp	OpenDocument presentation document	application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation
.ods	OpenDocument spreadsheet document	application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet
.odt	OpenDocument text document	application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text
.oga	OGG audio	audio/ogg
.ogv	OGG video	video/ogg
.ogx	OGG	application/ogg
.otf	OpenType font	font/otf
.png	Portable Network Graphics	image/png
.pdf	Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF)	application/pdf
.ppt	Microsoft PowerPoint	application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.pptx	Microsoft PowerPoint (OpenXML)	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
.rar	RAR archive	application/x-rar-compressed
.rtf	Rich Text Format (RTF)	application/rtf
.sh	Bourne shell script	application/x-sh
.svg	Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)	image/svg+xml
.swf	Small web format (SWF) or Adobe Flash document	application/x-shockwave-flash
.tar	Tape Archive (TAR)	application/x-tar
.tif .tiff	Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)	image/tiff
.ttf	TrueType Font	font/ttf
.txt	Text, (generally ASCII or ISO 8859-n)	text/plain
.vsd	Microsoft Visio	application/vnd.visio
.wav	Waveform Audio Format	audio/wav
.weba	WEBM audio	audio/webm
.webm	WEBM video	video/webm
.webp	WEBP image	image/webp
.woff	Web Open Font Format (WOFF)	font/woff
.woff2	Web Open Font Format (WOFF)	font/woff2
.xhtml	XHTML	application/xhtml+xml
.xls	Microsoft Excel	application/vnd.ms-excel
.xlsx	Microsoft Excel (OpenXML)	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
.xml	XML	application/xml 代码对普通用户来说不可读 (RFC 3023, section 3) text/xml 代码对普通用户来说可读 (RFC 3023, section 3)
.xul	XUL	application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml
.zip	ZIP archive	application/zip
.3gp	3GPP audio/video container	video/3gpp audio/3gpp（若不含视频）
.3g2	3GPP2 audio/video container	video/3gpp2 audio/3gpp2（若不含视频）
.7z	7-zip archive	application/x-7z-compressed

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