一.WPF(8)附加属性
1.附加属性的特点
(1)特殊的依赖属性
(2)用于非定义该属性的类 例如Grid面板的RowDefinition、ColumnDefinition,Canvas面板的Left、Right,DockPanel面板的Dock都是附加属性。
2.附加属性的定义
(1)声明数据属性变量。 public static 的DependencyProperty类型的变量。
(2)在属性系统中进行注册,使用DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached()方法来注册,方法参数和注册依赖属性时Register()方法的参数一致。
(3)调用静态方法设置和获取属性值。通过调用DependencyObject的SetValue()和GetValue()方法来设置和获取属性的值。两个方法应该命名为SetPropertyName()方法和GetPropertyName()方法。
3.示例演示附加属性
实现的功能,窗体字体的大小随TextBox控件里面输入的值的大小而改变。
(1)新建WPF版的用户控件,命名为“MyDependencyProperty”,在用户控件里面添加TextBox和TextBlock控件
XAML代码:
<UserControl x:Class="WPFDependencyProperty.MyDependencyProperty"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:p="clr-namespace:WPFDependencyProperty"
mc:Ignorable="d"
d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="300">
<Grid>
<StackPanel>
<TextBox p:MyDependencyProperty.MyAttachedFontSize="{Binding Path=Text,
RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}}" ></TextBox>
<TextBlock>通过附加属性修改FontSize的大小</TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</UserControl>
设计界面:
(2)在MyDependencyProperty.xaml.cs文件里面添加附件属性,附件属性的名称为MyAttachedFontSize,使用快捷方式创建附件属性:输入propa,连续按两下Tab健。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
namespace WPFDependencyProperty
{
/// <summary>
/// MyDependencyProperty.xaml 的交互逻辑
/// </summary>
public partial class MyDependencyProperty : UserControl
{
public MyDependencyProperty()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
public static int GetMyAttachedFontSize(DependencyObject obj)
{
return (int)obj.GetValue(MyAttachedFontSizeProperty);
}
public static void SetMyAttachedFontSize(DependencyObject obj, int value)
{
obj.SetValue(MyAttachedFontSizeProperty, value);
}
// Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for MyAttachedFontSize. This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...
public static readonly DependencyProperty MyAttachedFontSizeProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("MyAttachedFontSize", typeof(int), typeof(MyDependencyProperty),
new PropertyMetadata((s, e) =>
{
//获取MyDependencyProperty用户控件,s代表Textbox,
//MyDependencyProperty用户控件是TextBox的父级的父级的父级控件
var mdp = (((s as FrameworkElement).Parent as FrameworkElement).Parent
as FrameworkElement).Parent as MyDependencyProperty;
//更改用户控件的FontSize的值
if (mdp != null && e.NewValue != null)
{
var fontsize = 9;
int.TryParse(e.NewValue.ToString(), out fontsize);
mdp.FontSize = fontsize;
}
}));
}
}
(3)在主界面测试附件属性
<Window x:Class="WPFDependencyProperty.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:p="clr-namespace:WPFDependencyProperty"
Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525" WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen">
<Grid >
<StackPanel>
<TextBlock>请输入字体的大小</TextBlock>
<p:MyDependencyProperty></p:MyDependencyProperty>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</Window>
程序运行效果:
在TextBox里面输入3:
在TextBox里面输入30: