X问题
Problem Description
求在小于等于N的正整数中有多少个X满足:X mod a[0] = b[0], X mod a[1] = b[1], X mod a[2] = b[2], …, X mod a[i] = b[i], … (0 < a[i] <= 10)。
Input
输入数据的第一行为一个正整数T,表示有T组测试数据。每组测试数据的第一行为两个正整数N,M (0 < N <= 1000,000,000 , 0 < M <= 10),表示X小于等于N,数组a和b中各有M个元素。接下来两行,每行各有M个正整数,分别为a和b中的元素。
Output
对应每一组输入,在独立一行中输出一个正整数,表示满足条件的X的个数。
Sample Input
3
10 3
1 2 3
0 1 2
100 7
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
10000 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Sample Output
1
0
3
解题思路:
中国剩余定理。
但是要求小于X的满足条件的有多少个。
中国剩余定理可以求解一个最小解,那么怎么计算有多少个呢。
其实很简单。在x的基础上,要满足模b数组的余数保持不变,也就是+y的这个y要包含所有的因子。那不就是lcm嘛。
也就是x+lcm 依然是原方程的解。那就很容易算了。
注意边界情况。0 不能计数。
AC代码:
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <stack>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
#define sd(n) scanf("%d",&n)
#define sdd(n,m) scanf("%d%d",&n,&m)
#define sddd(n,m,k) scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&m,&k)
#define pd(n) printf("%d\n", n)
#define pc(n) printf("%c", n)
#define pdd(n,m) printf("%d %d", n, m)
#define pld(n) printf("%lld\n", n)
#define pldd(n,m) printf("%lld %lld\n", n, m)
#define sld(n) scanf("%lld",&n)
#define sldd(n,m) scanf("%lld%lld",&n,&m)
#define slddd(n,m,k) scanf("%lld%lld%lld",&n,&m,&k)
#define sf(n) scanf("%lf",&n)
#define sc(n) scanf("%c",&n)
#define sff(n,m) scanf("%lf%lf",&n,&m)
#define sfff(n,m,k) scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&n,&m,&k)
#define ss(str) scanf("%s",str)
#define rep(i,a,n) for(int i=a;i<=n;i++)
#define per(i,a,n) for(int i=n;i>=a;i--)
#define mem(a,n) memset(a, n, sizeof(a))
#define debug(x) cout << #x << ": " << x << endl
#define pb push_back
#define all(x) (x).begin(),(x).end()
#define fi first
#define se second
#define mod(x) ((x)%MOD)
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define lowbit(x) (x&-x)
#define pii map<int,int>
#define mk make_pair
#define rtl rt<<1
#define rtr rt<<1|1
#define Max(x,y) (x)>(y)?(x):(y)
#define int long long
typedef pair<int,int> PII;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef long double ld;
const int MOD = 1e9 + 7;
const ll mod = 10007;
const double eps = 1e-9;
const ll INF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3fll;
//const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
inline int read(){int ret = 0, sgn = 1;char ch = getchar();
while(ch < '0' || ch > '9'){if(ch == '-')sgn = -1;ch = getchar();}
while (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9'){ret = ret*10 + ch - '0';ch = getchar();}
return ret*sgn;}
inline void Out(int a){if(a>9) Out(a/10);putchar(a%10+'0');}
int qpow(int m, int k, int mod){int res=1%mod,t=m%mod;while(k){if(k&1)res=res*t%mod;t=t*t%mod;k>>=1;}return res;}
ll gcd(ll a,ll b){if(b > a) swap(a,b); return b==0?a : gcd(b,a%b);}
ll lcm(ll a,ll b){return a/gcd(a,b)*b;}
ll inv(ll x,ll mod){return qpow(x,mod-2,mod)%mod;}
const int N = 1e6+15;
void exgcd(int a,int b,int &d,int &x,int &y)
{
if(!b) d=a, x=1, y=0;
else{
exgcd(b,a%b,d,y,x);
y-=x*(a/b);
}
}
int excrt(int r[], int m[], int n)
{
int M = m[0], R = r[0], x, y, d;
for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i)
{
exgcd(M, m[i], d, x, y);
if ((r[i] - R) % d) return -1;
x = (r[i] - R) / d * x % (m[i] / d);
R += x * M;
M = M / d * m[i];
R %= M;
}
return R > 0 ? R : R + M;
}
int a[N],m[N],d;
signed main()
{
int t = 1,cas = 1;
cin>>t;
int x,n;
while(t --)
{
cin>>x>>n;
int tmp = 1;
for(int i = 0 ; i < n ; i ++)
{
cin>>m[i];
if(i == 0) tmp = m[0];
else tmp = lcm(tmp,m[i]);
}
for(int i = 0 ; i < n ; i ++)
{
cin>>a[i];
a[i] %= m[i];
}
int ans = excrt(a,m,n);
if(ans == -1)
{
cout<<0<<endl;
continue;
}
int res;
if(x >= ans)
res = (x-ans)/tmp+1-(ans==0);
else
res = 0;
cout<<res<<endl;
}
}