java多线程编程--CountDownLatch

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/dolphin0520/p/3920397.html

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43470725/article/details/120457461

CountDownLatch用法

线程计数器：
CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(2);//数量代表要计数多少个线程latch.countDown()（调用一次，减一，当数量减为0时，放行）才放行latch.await()方法后的内容

CountDownLatch类位于java.util.concurrent包下，利用它可以实现类似计数器的功能。比如有一个任务A，它要等待其他4个任务执行完毕之后才能执行，此时就可以利用CountDownLatch来实现这种功能了。

CountDownLatch方法

然后下面这3个方法是CountDownLatch类中最重要的方法：

1. public void await() throws InterruptedException { };
   //调用await()方法的线程会被挂起，它会等待直到count值为0才继续执行
2. public boolean await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws
   InterruptedException { };
   //和await()类似，只不过等待一定的时间后count值还没变为0的话就会继续执行
3. public void countDown() { }; //将count值减1

CountDownLatch的用法实例1：

package com.example.dtest.threadTest.use;

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

public class CountDownLatchTest02 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(2);//数量代表要拦截多少个线程才放行

        new Thread("t1"){

            public void run(){
                try {
                    System.out.println("子线程"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"正在执行");
                    Thread.sleep(3000);
                    System.out.println("子线程"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"执行完毕");
                    latch.countDown();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }.start();

        new Thread("t2"){

            public void run(){
                try {
                    System.out.println("子线程"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"正在执行");
                    Thread.sleep(3000);
                    System.out.println("子线程"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"执行完毕");
                    latch.countDown();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

        }.start();

        try {
            System.out.println("等待2个子线程执行完毕...");
            latch.await();
            System.out.println("2个子线程已经执行完毕");
            System.out.println("继续执行主线程");
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


    }

}

CountDownLatch的用法实例2：

package com.example.dtest.threadTest.use;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;


/*
* 实现一个容器，提供两个方法add、size，写两个线程：

线程1，添加10个元素到容器中
线程2，实时监控元素个数，当个数到5个时，线程2给出提示并结束
* */
public class CountDownLatchTest {

    //添加volatile，使t2能够得到通知
    volatile List lists = new ArrayList();
    public void add(Object o) {
        lists.add(o);
    }
    public int size() {
        return lists.size();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CountDownLatchTest c = new CountDownLatchTest();
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
        CountDownLatch latch1 = new CountDownLatch(1);
        //需要注意先启动t2再启动t1
        new Thread(() -> {
            System.out.println("t2 启动");
            if (c.size() != 5) {
                try {
                    latch.await();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            System.out.println("t2 结束");
            latch1.countDown();

        }, "t2").start();

        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        } catch (InterruptedException e1) {
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }

        new Thread(() -> {
            System.out.println("t1 启动");
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                c.add(new Object());
                System.out.println("add " + i);

                if (c.size() == 5) {
                    //打开门闩，让t2得以执行
                    latch.countDown();
                    //给t1上门闩，让t2有机会执行
                    try {
                        latch1.await();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }

            }
        }, "t1").start();
    }


}