Linux下安装jdk、tomcat、mysql详细步骤

一、JDK安装

1.查询系统目前安装的JDK

rpm -qa | grep openjdk

2.卸载系统自带的JDK

rpm -e --nodeps java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.141-2.6.10.5.el7.x86_64
rpm -e --nodeps java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.131-11.b12.el7.x86_64
rpm -e --nodeps java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.131-11.b12.el7.x86_64
rpm -e --nodeps java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless-1.7.0.141-2.6.10.5.el7.x86_64

（提示：根据在自己系统上实际查询的结果执行卸载操作！）

3.上传jdk-8u152-linux-x64.tar.gz文件到/opt目录

可以通过工具上传 如xftp

4.解压jdk-8u152-linux-x64.tar.gz文件

tar -zxvf /opt/jdk-8u152-linux-x64.tar.gz

5.进入解压目录，运行pwd命令，复制完整路径

[root@a jdk1.8.0_152]# pwd
/opt/jdk1.8.0_152

6.备份/etc/profile文件

cp /etc/profile /etc/profile.bak

7.修改/etc/profile文件

vim /etc/profile

把下面内容附加到文件末尾=

JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8.0_152
PATH=/opt/jdk1.8.0_152/bin:$PATH
export JAVA_HOME PATH

8.保存退出

:wq

9.运行source命令让profile文件中的修改生效

source /etc/profile

10.验证

[root@a jdk1.8.0_152]# java -version
#以下为结果出现以下结果就是成功了
java version "1.8.0_152"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_152-b16)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.152-b16, mixed mode)

二、Tomcat安装

1.上传apache-tomcat-7.0.70.tar.gz到/opt目录下

2.解压

tar -zxvf /opt/apache-tomcat-7.0.70.tar.gz

3.启动

/opt/apache-tomcat-7.0.70/bin/startup.sh

4.查看日志

查看/opt/apache-tomcat-7.0.70/logs/catalina.out文件

5.实时查看日志

tail -f /opt/apache-tomcat-7.0.70/logs/catalina.out

6.查看进程信息

ps -ef | grep tomcat | grep -v grep

7.查看监听端口号

netstat -anp | grep java

8.注意防火墙问题

systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service

三、MySQL安装

1.上传rpm文件

MySQL-client-5.5.54-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-server-5.5.54-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm

同样是上传到/opt目录

2.拍摄快照(防止失败，一旦失败很难再装成功)

3.卸载系统自带的mariadb（在CentOS6中是MySQL）

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-1:5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

4.安装服务器端

rpm -ivh /opt/MySQL-server-5.5.54-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm

5.查看系统中新增的MySQL用户

[root@a opt]# id mysql
uid=990(mysql) gid=985(mysql) 组=985(mysql)

6.安装客户端

rpm -ivh /opt/MySQL-client-5.5.54-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm

7.启动MySQL服务

systemctl start mysql.service

8.查看进程和端口号信息

ps -ef | grep mysql | grep -v grep
netstat -anp | grep mysql

9.给MySQL的root用户设置密码

[root@a opt]# mysqladmin -u root password
New password: （不显示）
Confirm new password: （不显示）

10.登录MySQL

[root@a opt]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.54 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

11.授权(否则无法远程链接)

[1]执行授权语句

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

[2]重启MySQL服务

systemctl restart mysql.service

13.修改MySQL默认字符集

[1]把配置文件复制到/etc目录下

cp /usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf

[2]修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

[3]在mysqld节后面增加一行

[mysqld]
port            = 3306
socket          = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16K
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 4
sort_buffer_size = 64K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K
net_buffer_length = 2K
thread_stack = 128K
character-set-server=utf8

[4]保存退出

:wq

[5]重启MySQL服务

systemctl restart mysql.service

[6]注意：另外新建数据库检测